Eugenia luschnathiana (O.Berg) Klotzsch ex B.D.Jacks. (Myrtaceae) species, commonly known as pitomba-da-baía, occurs in Restinga region in the state of Ceara and has medicinal potential. The present study aimed to characterize the anatomy of E. luschnathiana leaves in the rainy and dry seasons, as well as in the sun and shade in the Restinga region of Ceara, aiming to generate useful information to understand the adaptive value of morphoanatomic responses to the natural conditions of occurrence of the species. Collections were performed at the State Botanical Park of Ceara, and leaves were completely expanded and fixed in FAA70, being replaced by 70% ethanol after 24 h. Samples were submitted to standard plant anatomy methodologies in order to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the leaf blade and petiole structures. As a result, there were differences among sun and shade leaves, rain and dry. In relation to luminosity, most determinations were higher in sun leaves: trichome density and frequency; trichome scar frequency; stomatal frequency, stomatal index, length, width and area of stomata; thickness of leaf blade, mesophyll, cuticle, epidermis, palisade and spongy parenchyma; length and width of the central vein, area of the central vein vascular bundle, number of secretory cavities in the central vein; length and width of the petiole, area of the petiole vascular bundle; amount and area of secretory cavities in the petiole. In shade leaves, only the number of druses in the central vein and petiole were larger. Regarding seasonality, all determinations were higher in the rainy season, except for the length and width of the central vein; number of druses in the central vein and petiole; length of the petiole, area of the vascular bundle and secretory cavities of the petiole. Therefore, it could be concluded that E. luschnathiana has great acclimative capacity to conditions of intense luminosity and periods of water deficit.

The species Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC. (myrtle) occurs in the coastal region of the state of Ceará and has ecological and medicinal importance. This study aimed to characterize the leaf anatomy of myrtle (E. punicifolia) in the rainy and dry seasons, as well as in the sun and shade in the restinga region of the state of Ceará and to contribute to the understanding of the morphoanatomic variations in response to the natural conditions of the occurrence of this species. For this, collections of fully expanded leaves were performed at the Botanical Park of Ceará and fixed in FAA70, being replaced by 70% ethanol after 24 hours. The usual anatomical procedures were then performed in order to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the leaf blade, petiole and epidermis structures. As a result, it was found that myrtle has xeromorphic characteristics such as thick cuticle, hypoestomatic leaf and sclerenchyma fibers in the median vein vascular bundles. It was concluded that E. punicifolia has great plasticity to adjust well under the analyzed conditions.

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A anatomia foliar ecológica do gênero Myrcia DC. ainda é pouco estudada. A espécie Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC., popularmente conhecida como mapirunga, ocorre em região de litoral no estado do Ceará e possui importância ecológica e potencial medicinal. Objetivou-se caracterizar a anatomia foliar ecológica dessa espécie nas estações de chuva e seca, bem como, ao sol e à sombra na Restinga cearense. Para isso, foram realizadas coletas no Jardim Botânico de São Gonçalo de folhas totalmente expandidas e fixadas em FAA70, sendo substituído por etanol 70% após 24 horas. Seguiu-se para os procedimentos anatômicos usuais no Laboratório de Ecologia da Universidade Estadual do Ceará, a fim de analisar qualitativamente e quantitativamente as estruturas da lâmina foliar, pecíolo e paradérmico. Como resultados obteve-se a presença de características que contribuem para sua sobrevivência em ambiente de Restinga com períodos de deficit hídrico e alta taxa de luminosidade, tais como: presença de cutícula levemente espessa, folha hipoestomática, aumento da densidade estomática em folhas de sol, presença de fibras abundantes nos feixes vasculares da nervura central e presença de drusas. Portanto, conclui-se que a planta em estudo possui grande capacidade aclimatativa às condições analisadas (intensa luminosidade e períodos de deficit hídrico).

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