Objetivou-se analisar os fatores associados à representatividade da Zona de Transformação em exames citopatológicos para controle do câncer do colo do útero.Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo de caráter quantitativo realizado por meio das análises dos exames citopatológicos registrados no Sistema de Informação do Câncer em 2014. A amostra final resultou em 1.157 laudos. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizado o software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Do total de exames, 96,88% foram realizados para o controle e rastreamento da doença e 24,3% não apresentaram a zona de transformação. Os fatores que influenciaram a representatividade da zona de transformação foram idade entre 25 a 64 anos, uso de contraceptivo oral, terapia de reposição hormonal e epitélio metaplásico. Tais fatores podem ser considerados facilitadores para a captação de uma amostra satisfatória com a possível diminuição de resultados falso-negativos, o que acarretaria o retardo do tratamento precoce do câncer do colo uterino.

Objetivo: Identificar en la literatura científica sobre los cuidados de enfermería en los casos de aborto inducido / provocado.<br /><br />Método: Revisión integral destinada a responder a la pregunta "¿Cómo es la práctica de enfermería en situaciones de aborto provocdo?" Los datos fueron recolectados en agosto de 2014, sin límites de tiempo o de idioma, que estiviesen en su totalidad en las bases de datos LILACS, BDENF, MEDLINE y SciELO, a partir de los descriptores: "aborto", "aborto provocado" y "cuidados de enfermería". Al final del proceso de análisis de datos se seleccionaron 13 publicaciones condensadas en forma de figuras.<br /><br />Resultados: Se observó que el trabajo de las enfermeras se realiza de manera tecnicista, discriminatoria, juzgadora y burocrática, lo que contradice las directrices del código de ética de la profesión. <br /><br />Conclusión: La discriminación y los peligros para la salud impuestos a las mujeres por razones culturales, legales y religiosas que involucran el tema del aborto, han contribuido a la precariedad de la asistencia.<br /><br />

RESUMOObjetivo: identificar se a prática de exercícios físicos durante a gestação tem efeito protetor sobre a ocorrência da síndrome hipertensiva gestacional. Método: revisão integrativa percorrendo seis etapas para sistematizar a pesquisa. A coleta de dados foi realizada nas bases de dados eletrônicas: Lilacs, Canal, Scopus e Medline. Não foi determinado um tempo de publicação, por se tratar de um desenho de estudo específico. Após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, 17 artigos responderam à questão norteadora. Resultados: A associação positiva entre atividade física na gestação com a redução de síndrome hipertensiva gestacional foi verificada em 64,7% dos estudos, enquanto 29,4% não observaram esse efeito. Conclusão: o benefício da atividade física na gestação como fator protetor ao desenvolvimento da síndrome hipertensiva gestacional foi observado na maioria dos estudos. A busca por fatores preventivos à sua ocorrência fornece subsídios para que as práticas realizadas na gestação resultem em um desfecho saudável. Descritores: Hipertensão Induzida pela Gravidez; Pré-Eclâmpsia; Exercício; Gravidez de Alto Risco; Fatores de Proteção; Revisão.ABSTRACT Objective: to identify if the practice of physical exercise during pregnancy has a protective effect on the occurrence of gestational hypertensive syndrome. Method: an integrative review covering six steps to systematize the research. The data collection was performed in electronic databases: LILACS, CINAHL, Scopus and MEDLINE. There was not given a publication time, because this is a drawing of a specific study. After the application of eligibility criteria, 17 articles replied to the question. Results: the positive association between physical activities during pregnancy with the reduction of gestational hypertensive syndrome was observed in 64.7% of the studies, while 29.4% did not observe this effect. Conclusion: the benefits of physical activity during pregnancy as a protective factor against the development of gestational hypertensive syndrome were observed in the majority of studies. The search for preventive factors for its occurrence provides subsidies for which the practices carried out in pregnancy resulting in a healthy outcome. Descriptors: Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced; Pre-Eclampsia; Exercise; Pregnancy, High-Risk; Protective Factors; Review.RESUMEN Objetivo: determinar si la práctica de ejercicio físico durante el embarazo tiene un efecto protector sobre la aparición del síndrome de hipertensión gestacional. Método: es una revisión integradora que abarca seis pasos para sistematizar la investigación. La recolección de datos se realizó en bases de datos electrónicas: LILACS, CINAHL, Scopus y MEDLINE. No se ha dado una fecha de publicación, porque este es un dibujo de un estudio específico. Después de la aplicación de los criterios de elegibilidad, 17 artículos respondieron a la pregunta. Resultados: la asociación positiva entre la actividad física durante el embarazo con la reducción del síndrome de hipertensión gestacional se observó en el 64,7% de los estudios, mientras que un 29,4% no observaron este efecto. Conclusión: los beneficios de la actividad física durante el embarazo como un factor protector contra el desarrollo del síndrome de hipertensión gestacional fue observada en la mayoría de los estudios. La búsqueda de los factores preventivos para su ocurrencia proporciona subvenciones para que las prácticas llevadas a cabo en los embarazos resultantes de un resultado saludable. Descriptores: Hipertensión Inducida en el Embarazo; Preclamsia; Ejercicio; Embarazo de Alto Riesgo; Factores Protectores; Revisión.

Objective: to identify breastfeeding patterns, survival of exclusive breastfeeding and factors associated with its interruption, in the first six months of life of babies seen by Lactation Consulting. Method: a prospective cohort, with 231 mother-babies in a Baby-Friendly Hospital. An initial questionnaire was applied after 24 hours of birth, after consulting, as well as a follow-up questionnaire, applied by telephone at 15, 30, 60, 120 and 180 days, with sociodemographic and obstetric variables, maternal habits, father’s schooling, birth data and baby feeding. Survival Analysis was carried out. Results: at 180 days of age, exclusive breastfeeding was 12.7% and the probability was 19.6% in the analysis of the survival curve. The factors associated with its interruption were smoking during pregnancy (HR 1.66; CI 1.05 - 2.61), age ≥ 35 years old (HR 1.73; CI 1.03 - 2.90), difficulty in breastfeeding after hospital discharge (HR 2.09; CI 1.29 - 3.41), search for professional assistance (HR 2.45; CI 1.69 - 3.54) and use of a pacifier (HR 1.76; IC 1.21 - 2.58). Conclusion: lactation consultancy contributed to the improvement of the exclusive breastfeeding rates, although there are opportunities for advances.

Objective: To analyze the survival of exclusive breastfeeding and the factors associated with its cessation in the first month among pairs seen by a lactation consulting team. Method: This is a prospective cohort conducted with mother-infant pairs treated at the Hospital de Clínicas of Porto Alegre. Results: The sample consisted of 150 pairs. The survival curve indicates that 52.9% of the children remained on exclusive breastfeeding. The hierarchical model was constructed in four levels, and the factors associated with the cessation of exclusive breastfeeding were the milk supplementation during hospitalization, breast problems after hospital discharge and use of pacifiers. Conclusion: Awareness of these factors favors the early detection of pairs that may be predisposed to cessation of exclusive breastfeeding, who require greater support, dedication and care.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the disorders that most causes disability and affects about 265 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Chronic stress is one of the most prevalent factors that trigger MDD. Among the most relevant biological mechanisms that mediate stress and MDD are changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function. Hypercortisolism is one of the relevant mechanisms involved in response to stress and is present in many people with MDD and in animals subjected to stress in the laboratory. This study aimed to investigate the levels of stress and cortisol in individuals diagnosed with MDD from the Basic Health Unit (BHU) in a small city in the western region of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Depression scores were assessed using Beck's inventory. For the investigation of stress, an adaptation with twenty-four questions of the Checklist-90-R manual was performed. The analysis of the cortisol levels in the individuals' serum was by the chemiluminescence method. Depression and stress scores were significantly higher in individuals with MDD than in control subjects (p < 0.001). Cortisol levels were also significantly higher in individuals with MDD (p < 0.05). Besides, depression scores were positively correlated with stress scores in individuals with MDD (Pearson's “r” = 0.70). Conclusion: Individuals with MDD had higher stress levels and cortisol than control subjects. The positive correlation between the levels of stress and depression in MDD individuals suggests that these conditions are related to a dysregulation of the HPA axis function.

RESUMOObjetivo: identificar na literatura científica os diagnósticos de enfermagem que se relacionam diretamente com o aleitamento materno, bem como elencar os mais utilizados nessa prática. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada em novembro de 2016, nas bases de dados LILACS, CINAHL, SCOPUS, PubMED e SciElo. Para a seleção dos estudos foram utilizados os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde "Diagnóstico de Enfermagem" e "Aleitamento Materno", bem como seus sinônimos e Medical Subject Headings correspondentes. Resultados: os diagnósticos de enfermagem que se sobressaíram na busca realizada foram amamentação eficaz e amamentação ineficaz. Conclusão: os artigos incluídos neste estudo permitiram uma visão do que os enfermeiros encontram na sua assistência frente ao desenvolvimento do aleitamento materno, bem como os diagnósticos mais elencados nessa prática. Descritores: Diagnóstico de Enfermagem; Aleitamento Materno; Enfermagem.ABSTRACT Objective: to identify in the scientific literature the nursing diagnoses that are directly related to breastfeeding, as well as to list those most used in this practice. Methods:this is an integrative review,

Objective: To understand the social determinants of health from the perspective of the work of community health agents. Method: A qualitative study conducted in a Health District Management in the city of Porto Alegre/Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, through focus groups and semi-structured interviews with community health agents. The analysis took place through thematic categorization, and the social determinants of health were adopted as the analytical category. Results: Twenty-five (25) community health agent workers participated. Overlapping individual and collective themes emerged, from violence and drug trafficking to lack of sanitation, improperly disposed garbage, illiteracy and the health problems themselves. Conclusion: The study revealed a complex relationship between the work of community health agents and the social determinants of health, reinforcing the need for a cohesive health team with intersectoral initiatives to address the different demands of the territories which are worked and lived in.