“…25 In addition, in some cases where the representativeness of the sample contributed to the non-identification of cervical neoplasia, it was observed that the cytopathological reports were represented only by ectocervix material, which were released with HSIL and LSIL (Low Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion) results, but the histopathology revealed that it was actually adenocarcinoma. According to Gasparin et al, 26 the squamocolumnar junction (SCJ) and/or transformation zone are regions where more than 90% of the intraepithelial lesions are located, demonstrating the need for constant monitoring and qualification of the professionals involved in the collection of cytopathological material, so that the involvement of the cervical smears is avoided. 26 Factors such as subjectivity, training, experience, cytopathologist scrutiny ability, work overload, SCJ cells representativeness, adequate fixation, diagnostic difficulties (few scaly abnormal cells, small or inaccessible lesions, necrosis, bleeding, origin of lesions, diagnoses borderline), in addition to internal and external laboratory quality control, are essential for the screening of cervical cancer and, if not taken into account, may induce errors in the interpretation of cytomorphological criteria, making it impossible to carry out complementary tests and clinical followup of cervical cancer in women.…”