The objective of this study was to evaluate the interaction between controlled atmosphere (CA), CA+1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and dynamic controlled atmosphere monitored by respiratory quotient (DCA-RQ) with three fruit maturity stages at harvest (early harvest date, optimal harvest date and late harvest date) on 'Galaxy' apple metabolism and quality after harvest and 9months storage plus 7days of shelf life at 20°C. Fruit stored under dynamic controlled atmosphere monitored by respiratory quotient 1.3 (DCA-RQ 1.3) showed lower ethylene production, respiration rate, mealiness and higher flesh firmness in comparison to CA stored fruit, but did not differ from those treated with 1-MCP. The dynamic controlled atmosphere monitored by respiratory quotient 1.5 (DCA-RQ 1.5) increased the acetaldehyde, ethanol and ethyl acetate concentration, regardless of the fruit maturity at harvest. The storage of 'Galaxy' apple under DCA-RQ 1.3 is efficient in keeping quality regardless of the maturity stage at harvest.

-The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of ethanol and two nitric oxide dose applications on the maintenance of the post-storage quality of 'Galaxy' apple during storage under controlled atmosphere (CA) nitric oxide showed lower ethylene production, respiration rate and ACC oxidase ( (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid) oxidase enzyme activity. Apples treated with 20 uL L -1 nitric oxide showed higher ethylene production, respiration rate, internal ethylene concentration CO 2 and ethanol concentration. Ethanol and nitric oxide application before storage have no benefits in maintaining fruit quality after storage under CA due to lower flesh firmness, higher mealiness incidence, flesh breakdown and decay incidence. Index terms: Ethylene, respiration rate, fermentation compounds, Malus domestica. Os frutos foram mantidos em AC durante oito meses e sete dias a 20º C. Frutos tratados com etanol apresentaram maior produção de etileno, menor firmeza, elevada degenerescência, polpa farinácea e produção de acetaldeído. Já, os frutos tratados com 40 µL L -1 de óxido nítrico apresentaram menor produção de etileno, taxa respiratória e atividade da enzima ACC (1-aminociclopropano-1-carboxílico) oxidase. Maçãs tradadas com 20 µL L -1 de óxido nítrico apresentaram aumento na produção de etileno e respiração, etileno e CO 2 interno, e produzem mais etanol. A aplicação de etanol e óxido nítrico não apresenta benefícios na manutenção da qualidade dos frutos após o armazenamento em AC, devido à menor firmeza de polpa, maior ocorrência de polpa farinácea, degenerescência de polpa e incidência de podridões nos frutos. Termos para indexação: Etileno, taxa respiratória, compostos da fermentação, Malus domestica. ETANOL E ÓXIDO NÍTRICO NA MANUTENÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE MAÇÃS 'GALAXY' ARMAZENADAS EM

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The main goal of the present study was to elucidate the effect of growth regulators at harvest and postharvest quality of 'Brookfield' apples stored under controlled atmosphere through a multivariate approach. Thus, an experiment with two steps (field and storage) was carried out. The treatments in field were applied with an output of 1,000 L ha -1 of water. The following treatments were tested: Control: only water application; AVG (aminoethoxyvinylglycine): 0.83 kg ha -1 of Retain  applied 30 days before harvest (BH); NAA (naphthalene acetic acid): 40g ha -1 of naphthalene acetic acid applied 7 days BH; Ethephon: 2.0 L ha -1 of Ethrel  applied 10 days BH; 1-MCP: 0.625µL L -1 of 1-MCP (1-methylcyclopropene): applied during postharvest (storage); LE (low ethylene): with the allocation of potassium permanganate sachets during postharvest. Fruits treated with AVG in the field showed an opposite response to the fruits with NAA. AVG application followed by another growth regulator (AVG + Ethephon and AVG + NAA) showed an advance in maturation, nearing these fruits to the control treatment, this effect is likely related to the higher ethylene production by these fruits compared to fruits with AVG alone. AVG, 1-MCP and LE kept a similar response on quality maintenance. Ethephon application prevented the negative effect of NAA at harvest, but after storage, the combined NAA + ethephon application increased the physiological disorders, reducing internal quality.