Introduction: The small intestine of albino rats is a transitive canal between the stomach and the cecum that is closely located from each other, reaches a length of one meter,
which in comparison ratio to body weight significantly exceeds the corresponding segment in humans.
The aim: The paper is aimed at thorough histological study of the wall and structure of albino rats’ small intestine mucosa.
Materials and methods: 30 mature albino male rats were involved into the study. The specimens of albino rats’ small intestine, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin solution,
have been studied. The study was carried out using conventional histological methods for obtaining serial paraffin sections stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Epoxy plastination
of individual tissue samples of the small intestine was performed. Subsequently, polished thin sections were made, stained with 1% methylene blue and 1% borax solution.
The obtained specimens were studied on the “Konus” light microscope equipped with Sigeta DCM-900 9.0MP digital microphoto attachment with the Biorex 3 software adapted
for studies of such type.
Results and conclusions: For the first time in the practice of histological study of the epithelial covering of the mucous membrane of the small intestine, attention is drawn to
the specific pattern of its organization on the intestinal villi. It has been found that epithelial covering consists of alternating cluster epithelial aggregations separated by fissured
depressions. Since no mentioning about them has been found in the publication, these cluster aggregations of enterocytes can be called epithelial buds of the intestinal villi.
Consequently, it can be concluded that with the exception of some specific morphological features, the small intestine of albino rats is homologous to human one by its histological
structure, which means that it can be used as a model for various experimental studies.
Introduction: The stomach and small intestine are important organs of the digestive system and, to date, they are the subject of research by morphologists, endocrinologists,
immunologists, gastroenterologists, and other researchers.
The aim: The paper is aimed at the study and systematization of the features of angioarchitecture of the albino rats stomach and small intestine.
Materials and methods: The study based on the injection of the blood vasculature of abdominal organs of 20 albino male rats with 5% gelatin solution, colored with filtered black ink, was performed.
The specimens were subject to photographing from different aspect angles in their original state, and then, after dehydration in alcohols with the transition to pure acetone, they were embedded
in the epoxy. Photographing of the obtained specimens was made by a digital camera, as well as a binocular magnifier MBS-9, equipped with a digital photoattachment Sigeta DCM-900 9.0MP.
Results and conclusions: The results of injecting of blood vasculature of albino rats’ gastrointestinal tract with ink mass clearly demonstrate the specific difference in the intraorganic
angioarchitecture of its different regions, which depends entirely on their functional purpose in the digestive process. In the stomach, the highest concentration of blood microvessels
is in its glandular part, which is explained by the increased nutrient needs of the secretory process of the gastric glands, while the mucous membrane of its fundus (pre-stomach)
contains a scattered network of exchange microvessels that only promote the process of regeneration of the stratified squamous (partially keratinized) covering epithelium.
In the small intestine, the typical principle of the organization of the microvasculature of its mucous membrane is somewhat modified in the duodenum, which is associated
with the presence of mucous (Brunner’s) glands in it, as well as in those sites (starting from the duodenum) where the group lymph nodes (Peyer’s patches) are localized.
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