Plastic pollution in an aquatic ecosystem may negatively impact ecology, aquatic species, and causes economic damage. Rivers provide an excellent opportunity for intercepting plastic pollution before it reaches the ocean. The aim of this study is to identify and quantify the number of plastic debris in the Citarum River. Plastic debris was collected from April to August 2021 at three sampling sites based on the stream location, i.e. upstream, midstream, downstream, using a framed pocket net with 1cm-mesh size as a sampler with the dimension of 2x1x3 meter that was installed at two transversal locations of the river. Observation was conducted three times a day, morning, noon, and afternoon each with 15-30 minutes duration. The methods applied include plastic debris separation, enumeration, classification, volume estimation, and weighting. Type of plastics that are commonly found in high number of items are plastic bags, clear plastic bags, and plastic packaging. The highest volume of plastic debris was found in the upstream part of the Citarum River compared to midstream and downstream. The existing reservoirs act as a trap for plastic debris and all riverine debris of the Citarum River. The plastic debris tends to be higher in the morning than noon or afternoon.
Mangrove forest has a role in reducing carbon levels through the absorption from the atmosphere and its storage in several compartments such as plants, litter, and soil organic matter. It is important to estimate biomass and carbon stocks in mangrove forests, because mangroves are able to store three to five times more carbon than lowland tropical forests. The estimation of biomass and carbon stocks was carried out in Karawang Regency. The Calculation of stand biomass was carried out using a non-destructive method, and the data was converted into above-ground biomass values using allometric equations according to tree species. The results showed that the mangrove ecosystem at the tree level has the largest percentage of CO2 absorption, which is 54.55%, sapling level of 44.49%, and 0.96% for the seedling level. The location that has the most significant estimated average value of carbon stock is Sedari Village; meanwhile, the lowest average carbon stock value was found in Pusakajaya Utara Village. Based on the area of the mangrove ecosystem in Pusakajaya Utara Village, with a mangrove area of 39.62 ha, the total estimated upper carbon in the mangrove ecosystem in Pusakajaya Utara Village is 1264.67 tons C.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.