Low-intensity He-Ne laser radiation induces metabolic rearrangements in platelet lipids and activates some lipid-dependent systems of cell regulation as well as the synthesis of lipidlike second messengers. Modification of the lipid phase and physicochemical state of biological membranes are the molecular basis of biochemical adaptation of the platelets to laser radiation.
Аim. Тo evaluate the structural and functional condition of platelets as a cellular component of the hemostasis system in chronic generalized periodontitis of different severity, and to establish its role in the progression of the disease.
Materials and Мethods. Clinical studies included 83 patients (47 men and 36 women) with chronic generalized periodontitis, comparable in age and sex, divided into three groups according to the severity of the disease: the first group (n=21) – periodontitis of mild severity; the second group (n=36) – moderate degree of severity; the third group (n=26) – severe periodontitis. Methods of the study included evaluation of the structural and functional characteristics of periodontal tissues, general hygienic condition of the oral cavity, the severity of the inflammatory process according to index parameters; study of microcirculation of periodontal tissues, determination of the evidence of oxidative processes in saliva, blood plasma, platelets, study of lipid composition of platelets.
Results. In chronic generalized periodontitis, pathological changes in the lipid composition of platelet membranes (an increase in the percentage of lysophospholipids and free fatty acids) were associated with systemic activation of oxidative processes and of phospholipase enzyme systems, which was accompanied by an increase in their aggregation activity.The degree of increase in the activity of platelets was associated with the severity of microcirculatory disturbances in the periodontal tissues. The condition of the cellular component of the hemostasis system correlated with the severity of the pathological process in the periodontium. In severe degree of chronic periodontitis, structural and functional changes in platelets were maximal.
Conclusion. In chronic periodontitis, the systemic activation of oxidative processes leads to a modification of the lipid composition of platelet membranes, which contributes to increase in their aggregation activity playing an important role in the induction of hypercoagulation, microcirculation disturbances and progression of inflammation in the periodontal tissues.
Significant metabolic alterations in the liver were observed in dogs with modeled acute peritonitis. These changes significantly impaired detoxification function of the liver, which was seen from the increase in the titer of toxic products in the early post-surgery period not only in the lymph, but also in the blood plasma. The key pathogenic mechanism leading to acute liver failure is destabilization of cell membrane resulting from LPO, phospholipase activity, and tissue hypoxia. Activation of LPO and increase in phospholipase activity in the liver tissues were observed within 12 h after peritonitis modeling.
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