<p class="ISIABSTRAKINGGRIS">Gastritis is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa. Tulsi leaf extract has phenol, flavonoid and saponin compounds which are potential as antioxidant and increase defensive factors in the gastric. The purpose of this research was to find out the effect of tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) leaf extract in polymorphonuclear (PMN) inflammatory cell infiltration in gastric of aspirin-induced gastritis rat model. This study was laboratory experimental research using post-test only control group design. Randomly, 27 male rats were divided into 3 groups, the first group was not induced by aspirin and extract as negative control, the second group was induced by aspirin of 600 mg/kgBW as positive control, and the third group was induced by aspirin of 600 mg/kgBW and was given Ocimum sanctum extract at a dose of 400 mg/kgBW as treatment group. Gastric of the rats were taken on 16th day for histopathology evaluation using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Evaluation was done by calculating the PMN inflammatory cell infiltration in mucosal and submucosal layer. The results of the average number of PMN inflammatory cell in the gastric tissue of the treatment group showed a significant decrease compared to the positive and negative control groups with P-value <0.05. This study proved that Ocimum sanctum leaf extract administration with the dose of 400 mg/kgBW can decrease gastritis inflammation by reducing PMN inflammatory cell in gastric of aspirin-induced gastritis rat model.</p>
Background: Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) is an infection that can cause hearing loss which is commonly found in infants in Indonesia. The hearing screening of otoacoustic emission (OAE) and automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) is essential as an early screening to prevent speech and language development disorders which may reduce the social function of the patient in the future. Objective: To analyze the profile of children with CRS who suffer from hearing loss in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia in 2015-2017. Materials and Methods: This research employed a descriptive retrospective study by collecting 118 secondary data from the medical records. Results: CRS was mostly found in 0-3 months age group (76 patients), and was dominated by males (62 patients). The most common signs and symptoms were congenital heart disease (49 patients), followed by hearing loss (37 patients). The serological results were mostly dominated by negative IgM and positive IgG (40 patients). The most dominant results of hearing screening test were OAE and AABR bilateral refer (45 patients). Conclusion: The profile of children with CRS suffering from hearing loss is various, depending on which country the research is conducted.
Background : There are several studies reporting the effect of caffeine on liver histopathology, but it remains controversy. The laboratory animal used in those studies were predominantly male, whereas there is contribution of sex difference on different liver reaction to xenobiotic between male and female subject. Objective : It is necessary to conduct a study to explore the differences between the liver histopathology of male and female mice after oral administration of caffeine. Methods : This study used 36 mice (Mus musculus) that were divided into 4 groups: male & female untreated groups and male & female treated groups which were orally administered with caffeine 0.4 mg / 20 gramBW daily for 30 days. At the end of treatment, mice were euthanized and dissected. Histopathological examination was done to determine the percentage of liver cell death of each group. Results: The percentage of liver cell deathin female treated group was higher than male treated group (p = 0.0001). But there was no significant difference of liver cells death between male control and treated group and between female control and treated group. Conclusion : There was significant difference in liver histopathology between male and female mice after oral administration of caffeine.
Highlights: 1. The use of re-heated cooking oil can give negative impact on health, especially on the cardiovascular system. 2. Unlike other types of cooking oil, repeated heating of canola oil did not show significant change in aortic wall thickness. Abstract Background: Structural alteration of blood vessels such as formation of atheroma or changes in the thickness of vessel walls, are heavily involved in pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Several studies have shown that canola oil has a positive effect on such diseases by reducing LDL and cholesterol levels. However, there may be several negative impacts on reheating canola oil upon administration, similar to other oils. Although canola oil can improve lipid profiles, studies related to how canola oil alters the structure of blood vessels are limited. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of heated canola oil on intimal-to-medial thickness (IMT) of Thoracic aorta in high-fat diet rats. Material and Method: A total of 27 rats were divided into 3 groups, the K+, P1, and P2. Rats among the three groups were given a high-fat diet for 14 days, accompanied by consumption of canola oil without heating in the P1, and with repeated heating in the P2. Thoracic aorta was taken on the 15th day and then processed into histological preparations. IMT was measured using CellSens software on a microscope with a magnification of 400. The difference between groups was tested using the one-way ANOVA test on SPSS. Result: The mean and standard deviations of each group in a row were K+ (134.96 and 21.27) P1(132.04 and 27.30) and P2 (152.05 and 31.75). There was no significant difference in IMT between groups (p >0.05). However, the P2 group showed the highest mean of IMT. Conclusion: The consumption of canola oil with or without repeated heating did not result in the changes of the IMT in rats fed with a high-fat diet.
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