The Profile of Children With Congenital Rubella Syndrome Suffering From Hearing Disorders in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) is an infection that can cause hearing loss which is commonly found in infants in Indonesia. The hearing screening of otoacoustic emission (OAE) and automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) is essential as an early screening to prevent speech and language development disorders which may reduce the social function of the patient in the future. Objective: To analyze the profile of children with CRS who suffer from hearing loss in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia in 2015-2017. Materials and Methods: This research employed a descriptive retrospective study by collecting 118 secondary data from the medical records. Results: CRS was mostly found in 0-3 months age group (76 patients), and was dominated by males (62 patients). The most common signs and symptoms were congenital heart disease (49 patients), followed by hearing loss (37 patients). The serological results were mostly dominated by negative IgM and positive IgG (40 patients). The most dominant results of hearing screening test were OAE and AABR bilateral refer (45 patients). Conclusion: The profile of children with CRS suffering from hearing loss is various, depending on which country the research is conducted.

Cochlear implants evaluation for congenital rubella syndrome patients in Dr. Soetomo Academic Medical Center

“…Board et al quoted by Yudistira reported that hearing loss occurred in 48.5% of all samples with positive serology results. Some of the infants had positive IgM result at the of 0-3 months and then at the age 4-6 months the infants had positive IgG results (Kesuma, et al, 2020) The patients in this study who had pathological findings on MRI and CT scan were still given cochlear implants because they did not contraindicate cochlear implants. Contraindications to cochlear implants include absence of the cochlea or cochlear nerve, and severe mental impairment or mental retardation.…”

Brain imaging on development delay of children with cytomegalovirus infection

“…Most infants with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection are asymptomatic at birth but approximately 10 percent have symptoms 1 . A study conducted at the Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital found that 64.4% of congenital CMV infection occurred in the 0-3 month age group 2 . CMV belongs to the herpes virus family which includes human herpes virus (HHV), simple herpes virus and the Epstein-Barr virus.…”