The performance of a seaport is determined by the coherence between the optimal dimensions of the seaport and the economic potential of the area where the seaport is located. Otherwise, the economic potential of the region can drive how big the port should be developed. To study the behavior of seaport parameters on regional archipelagic economic zones, dynamics models are used, where the econometric model is applied to the completion of the Cobb-Douglas production equation. The results obtained by this analysis showed that the increased volume of loading/unloading cargo is correlated to local economic growth; and, the increase of loading/unloading of cargo can promote the growth of the region's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Increased volume of loading-unloading cargo is correlated to the growth of vessel hold capacity/deadweight tonnage (DWT). GDP growth is correlated to the demand load capacity of the vessel (DWT); and the increase of GDP requires definition of a length of berth (Lb). Hence, it is concluded that there is a strong influence between the development of port dimensions and the economic growth of archipelagic regions.

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Indonesia, as the world’s largest archipelagic country, should take into account the critical role of maritime transportation as a basic infrastructure for connecting inter-island economic activities. According to the National Logistics System, Indonesia should have its own international hub port in the future, thus this study is required to analyse the connectivity between main domestic ports and international hub ports in Indonesia. A heuristics approach is applied by combining the Feeder Network Design Problem and Multiple Commodity Network Flow Problem to create the optimum routes as well as to allocate the cargo by minimizing the total transportation costs. Two scenarios are conducted in the calculation, in the first scenario, we analyze all international containers of six main domestic ports (with Belawan), while the second scenario does not consider on the international containers in Belawan (without Belawan). The second case corresponds to directly delivering all international containers to Belawan, without considering these for the connectivity network. In conclusion, each route will have the fewer legs and shorter distances if the larger ship capacity used, consequently, the lower total shipping costs will be gained on these routes.

Program Tol Laut merupakan upaya mengurangi perbedaan harga Kawasan Barat dengan Kawasan Timur Indonesia dengan penjaminan ketersediaan bahan penting dengan pengoperasian kapal secara rutin dan terjadwal untuk mendistribusikan logistik ke daerah tertinggal, terpencil, terluar, dan perbatasan. Seiring berjalan, perlu dilakukan evaluasi dampak tol laut terhadap disparitas harga dengan menganalisis fungsi dari variabel transportasi laut. Disparitas Harga adalah pengaruh dari jarak, sehingga penambahan jarak menyebabkan perbedaan harga di tiap tiap daerah. Perbedaan harga antara Kota Surabaya dan Kota Kalabahi yang berjarak 733 Nm, dimana harga komoditas beras di kota Surabaya Rp. 9.442/Kg, sementara faktor jarak ditambah margin keuntungan, harga Beras di Kota Kalabahi Rp. 10.662/Kg, sementara di kota Rote sebesar Rp. 10.679, dan di kota Moa sebesar Rp. 10.689/Kg. Pelaksanaannya dilakukan dengan membandingkan harga kebutuhan pokok sebelum tol laut dan saat berjalannya Program, serta mengevaluasi rute. Dampak positif dalam penurunan harga kebutuhan pokok di daerah tujuan tol laut, dari hasil penelitian terjadi penurunan harga 11% sampai 20%. Rekomendasi kebijakan perubahan pola operasi menjadi multiport dengan memperhitungkan muatan naik dan turun dengan rute Surabaya-Kalabahi-Moa-Rote-Sabu-Surabaya dengan jarak 2.050 NM dan kecepatan 1,62 Knot sehingga biaya tiap voyage menjadi 1.344,80 Juta rupiah/Round Trip dan berdampak terhadap jumlah frekuensi dalam satu tahun menjadi 23 frekuensi/Tahun.

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We employ an integrated model to decide the location of the most optimum harbor infrastructure of tourism in determining the tourism attractiveness for destinations. This study identifies the factors that influence the tourists’ choice for destination and evaluates the tourists’ preference for destinations. A 4-level AHP model, consisting of 22 attributes on the 4th level, developed by Tzu-Kuang Hsu, was proposed and tested using data collected from tourists who visited Bali to establish the relative importance of pre-selected factors (criteria). By using fuzzy set theory and TOPSIS, the preference of 47 given destinations corresponding to each criterion can be evaluated and their final rankings can also be defined. Based on the results of this preference, ten alternative port locations were evaluated using Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) models to find the travel package tours with a minimum duration that can be visited with a long period of time. The TSP model implemented in this study is expected to be able to integrate tourist destinations and transportation systems. The results of computation using the TSP model revealed that Benoa Harbor is the best place to dock for cruise ships based on the number and rank of the tourist preference for destinations that can be visited.

A ship is an important means of transportation for archipelagic countries such as in Indonesia. The development of ship technology in the world has shown a rapid progress, where various innovations have been made in the effort to ease and accelerate the sea transportation system. These are ranging from the design of ships, cargo and logistics handling systems, and enhancement of regulations related to ship safety. Lighter Aboard Ship (LASH) is an innovation of ship type that has the concept as a ship loading lighter barges. This ship is designed to reduce waiting times at the port and reduce the use of port docks, so that it is highly suitable to serve the small islands where adequate port facilities are typically not available. The aim of the study is to design a LASH that will be used as a means of transportation of goods in the Kangean Archipelago. This is a group of small islands located in the easternmost of Sumenep District with a total population of 192,807 people forecasted by 2019. The LASH vessel size is determined by using the optimization with linear programing. The initial stages are the definition of owner requirements, which include primarily the cargo load capacity and ship speed. The design in turn provides the main dimensions of the LASH, namely the Length Over All (LOA) of 48.71 m, breadth moulded (Bmld) 10.43 m, and deck height moulded (Hmld) 4.09 m.

Pelayaran petikemas rute Surabaya – Sampit  terjadi oversupply sejak tahun 2011 hingga saat ini, yakni selisih antara demand dan jumlah supply yang melayani rute tersebut mencapai hampir dua kali lipat, menyebabkan kapasitas kapal kosong mencapai 44% per tahun. Hal tersebut tidak diimbangi dengan peningkatan jumlah demand yang drastis, sehingga perusahaan pelayaran yang beroperasi pada rute tersebut dapat mengalami kerugian operasional. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut, sehingga perlu dilakukan analisis kapasitas pasar pelayaran petikemas, agar tidak terjadinya oversupply pada rute Surabaya – Sampit. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni metode optimasi untuk mendapatkan kapasitas pasar yang sesuai untuk rute Surabaya – Sampit. Hasil yang didapatkan untuk kapasitas pasar yang ideal yakni disesuaikan dengan jumlah demand agar tidak terjadi oversupply, sehingga pada tahun 2017 – 2021 dibutuhkan 1 – 2 armada kapal dengan ukuran 300 - 385 Teus, dan required freight rate sebesar Rp  5.103.273 – Rp  5.797.403 per Teus, dengan jumlah 1 – 2 perusahaan pelayaran yang disesuaikan dengan jumlah kapal. Kondisi pasar yang menguntungkan perusahaan pelayaran pada rute Surabaya – Sampit adalah kondisi pasar konsentrasi tinggi dengan indeks konsentrasi pasar 0,50 – 1 yang dikuasai oleh 1 atau 2 perusahaan pelayaran. Pada kasus rute Surabaya – Sampit ini dapat dibuktikan bahwa tidak selalu kondisi pasar yang kompetitif adalah kondisi pasar yang ideal yang dapat memberikan perusahaan pelayaran keuntungan.