In this article, the authors report on a study that was carried out at the University College of Borås. Teachers using an online learning platform (WebCT) were surveyed to see to what extent they made use of the various features available to them on the learning platform. The extent to which teachers employed all the features was low. The article provides comparative details about the use of the various features (chat, discussion forums, assessment etc) and analyses reasons for their underutilisation. This case study is used to make more general points about pedagogy of online learning and discusses the need for greater cooperation between all the stakeholders involved in putting courses online. It can be counter productive for a university to simply impose a learning management system upon its teaching staff and decree that they put their courses online. If a university is concerned with quality and innovation in the education it offers its students, then a great deal of groundwork needs to be done if teachers and students are going to get the most out of a move to blended or online learning. This article offers a number of recommendations for ensuring that teachers embrace rather than resist a move to innovative and quality assured online education.

<span>The purpose of this study was to examine lecturers' attitudes towards learning management systems (LMS), with particular reference to identifying obstacles to increased use. At the University College of Borås, Sweden, 22 lecturers who had used </span><em>WebCT</em><span> during the previous 9 months were interviewed. The answers show that most of the lecturers, including those who only used minor parts of the LMS, believed that they could benefit from using a LMS in the future. The study did not support the hypothesis that fear of the complexity of the system or unwanted effects on education are important reasons for lecturers not to use the LMS. When lecturers decide individually to use tools in the LMS, the major concern is the initial amount of work compared with the expected benefits. Due to the benefits of a fully implemented LMS and the results of this study, it is recommended that institutions in higher education take actions to establish LMS as a standard tool, and support development of the lecturers' professional competence.</span>

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In this paper the authors analyse the design and implementation of a course about learning management systems (LMS). The course was first given in Cuba and then in Guatemala and Peru, within the project USo+I: Universidad, Sociedad e Innovación, Mejora de la pertinencia de la educación en las ingenierías de Latinoamérica financed by the European Union's ALFA III program. In the course only open educational resources (OER) were used and all course material was stored on USB drives together with the needed software. All programs were executable directly from the memory to meet any problems of limited access to the Internet. Problem based learning was used, with the course divided into two weeks of on campus lectures and workshops followed by distance learning for three months, altogether corresponding to ten weeks of full time studies. The authors propose the term LiveUSB Mediated Education (LUME) for a course package, with course material and software contained on the same USB drive. The participants' opinions about the course and their perceptions about LMS and OER were investigated in order to determine the extent to which the LUME method can facilitate cost-effective computer aided education, especially in developing countries.

The purpose of this article is to present conditions implied in the use of Learning Management Systems (LMS), at the University of Borås (UB), Sweden, specifically in 2004, 2009, 2010, and 2018, highlighting patterns that characterize the routines adopted by the teachers. Utilizing quantitative and qualitative approaches, the exploratory research included the analysis of courses in area of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics). In addition to a general analysis of the respective courses, a questionnaire was applied to 76 professors and 926 students from the mentioned courses. The pattern of use is analyzed by means of classification of tools in four groups; distribution tools, communication tools, interaction tools, and course management tools. The results confirm that LMS is widely utilized to distribute documents to students, while the tools facilitating interaction and collaboration are used sparingly and this pattern is consistent over time. Despite an increase in the total use of LMS, there is no increase in the use of digital tools for interaction in Higher Education, which indicates the importance of promoting a wide use of collaborative methods and of encouraging interaction.

Introduction:The radiography profession is challenged by greater responsibilities and shortage of educated radiographers. Implementation of task shifting is one strategy to deal with the current situation in health care. The aim of this studiy was to evaluate radiographers' perception of assistant nurses and nurses carrying out tasks that traditionally were undertaken within the radiography profession in a Swedish context. Methods: An electronic questionnaire was distributed to radiographers at eleven hospitals in Sweden. The questionnaire included background questions and questions about radiographers' perception about task shifting to nurses and assistant nurses. The respondents rated their agreement level regarding task shifting on a five-point Likert scale. Data was statistically evaluated in SPSS using Mann Whitney U test. Results: Sixty-five radiographers participated in the study. Most radiographers responded negatively to task shifting to nurses (72%) or assistant nurses (65%). Most radiographers disagree that nurses should perform mammography screening or work within interventional radiography, while the attitude towards nurses calculating glomerular filtration rate was more positive. A majority disagree regarding assistant nurses performing conventional radiographs, informing the patient about contrast media administration or inserting peripheral intravenous catheters, while there was a positive attitude towards assistant nurses preparing patients for examinations. The attitude towards task shifting was not influenced by age, however radiographers with less working experience were more positive to task shifting in general. Conclusion:A majority of the radiographers had a negative attitude towards task shifting to nurses and assistant nurses. The radiographers were more positive to hand over tasks related to patient care and administrative tasks than technical related tasks within the profession. Implications for practice: Knowledge about radiographers' perception on task shifting within the profession is essential when planning and implementing strategies for task shifting in the clinical settings.

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ResumoA ampliação da Educação a Distância -EaD no contexto brasileiro e internacional vem sendo acompanhada por uma série de desa os, implicando, minimamente, na necessidade de compatibilidade entre a oferta, as possibilidades pedagógicas para o uso de Recursos Educacionais Abertos -REA e as especi cidades de aprendizagem de cada contexto. Considerando a relevância da EaD para o acesso e a democratização do Ensino Superior, este estudo tem como objetivo re etir sobre desa os enfrentados na criação ou adaptação de propostas de ensino para a modalidade ou projetos semipresenciais, destacando soluções que permearam esse processo em diferentes iniciativas impulsionadas pela Universidade de Borås -HB (Suécia). Trata-se, portanto, de um relato de experiências que apresenta soluções criativas planejadas a partir dos desa os observados na implantação de propostas em diferentes países, cuja intenção é colaborar para que outras instituições e outros pro ssionais interessados facilitem o processo de inserção da EaD. Palavras-chave: e-learning, Recursos Educacionais Abertos, Ensino Superior. Creatuve Solutons: the use of Open Educational Resources in the access and democratization of Higher EducationAbstract e increase of Distance Education (DE) in national and international context has been accompanied by a series of challenges involving the need for compatibility between supply, the pedagogical possibilities for the use of Open Educational Resources (OER), and the speci cs of each learning context. Considering the relevance of DE to the access and democratization of Higher Education, this study aims to ponder over the challenges faced in the creation or adaptation of * Doutor em Educação. Professor da Universidade de Borås -HB (Suécia).