Background Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections remain a public health problem in developing countries. Their prevalence is particularly high in rural areas with people of low socioeconomic level. A single or mixed STH infection rarely causes death, but can affect nutritional status, growth, cognitive development and human health, especially in children. Objective To compare the nutritional status of STH-infected and uninfected children. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2010 in children from 3 primary schools in the Simpang Empat and Kabanjahe Subdistricts, Karo District, North Sumatera Province. Fecal examinations were done by the Kato-Katz method to diagnose STH infections. Participants of this study consisted of 140 infected children and 141 uninfected children. Nutritional status classification was based on the 2000 Centers for Disease Control growth charts. All categorical data were analyzed by Chi-square test. Results Of 140 infected children, 8.6% were infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, 17.1% with Trichuris trichiura and 74.3% with mixed infections (Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura). We found significantly more STH infected children with mild to moderate malnutrition than the uninfected group. We also found significantly more mildly to moderately malnourished children with moderate infection intensity than mild infection intensity. Conclusion We find significantly more STH infected children with mild to moderate malnutrition than the uninfected group. We also find significantly more mildly to moderately malnourished children with moderate infection intensity than mild infection intensity. Higher severity of infection is associated with lower nutritional status. [Paediatr Indones. 2015;55:136-41.].
Background Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections remain a public health problem in developing countries. Their prevalence is particularly high in rural areas with people of low socioeconomic level. A single or mixed STH infection rarely causes death, but can affect nutritional status, growth, cognitive development and human health, especially in children.Objective To compare the nutritional status of STH-infected and uninfected children.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2010 in children from 3 primary schools in the Simpang Empat and Kabanjahe Subdistricts, Karo District, North Sumatera Province. Fecal examinations were done by the Kato-Katz method to diagnose STH infections. Participants of this study consisted of 140 infected children and 141 uninfected children. Nutritional status classification was based on the 2000 Centers for Disease Control growth charts. All categorical data were analyzed by Chi-square test.Results Of 140 infected children, 8.6% were infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, 17.1% with Trichuris trichiura and 74.3% with mixed infections (Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura). We found significantly more STH infected children with mild to moderate malnutrition than the uninfected group. We also found significantly more mildly to moderately malnourished children with moderate infection intensity than mild infection intensity.Conclusion We find significantly more STH infected children with mild to moderate malnutrition than the uninfected group. We also find significantly more mildly to moderately malnourished children with moderate infection intensity than mild infection intensity. Higher severity of infection is associated with lower nutritional status.
Z inkum (Zn) merupakan zat yang esensial untuk kehidupan, telah diketahui sejak lebih dari seratus tahun yang lalu. Peran penting zat ini untuk pertumbuhan normal dan kesehatan manusia telah diteliti sejak tahun 1930-an oleh Mc Lance dan Widdowson 1 yang melakukan penelitian tentang metabolisme Zn. Pada akhir tahun 1960-an dan awal tahun 1970-an diperoleh laporan pertama tentang kegagalan pertumbuhan pada remaja di delta sungai Nil di Mesir yang dapat diperbaiki dengan pemberian suplementasi Zn.2-3 Pengertian mendalam selama 20 tahun terakhir menghasilkan pemahaman lebih baik tentang peran biokimia di dalam tubuh dan gejala klinik yang timbul akibat defisiensi Zn. 1Proses tumbuh-kembang merupakan proses yang berkesinambungan mulai dari konsepsi sampai usia 18 tahun, yang mengikuti pola tertentu yang khas untuk setiap anak. 4 Faktor gizi merupakan salah satu faktor yang menentukan dan memegang peran penting dalam proses tumbuh kembang anak, karena kebutuhan anak berbeda dengan orang dewasa.4,5 Anak membutuhkan Zn lebih banyak untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan secara normal, melawan infeksi, dan penyembuhan luka. Anak yang dalam proses tumbuh kembang dan anak yang mengalami kekurangan gizi mempunyai risiko yang lebih tinggi untuk mengalami defisiensi.6 Di negara berkembang, defisiensi Zn banyak dijumpai pada bayi dan anak yang menyebabkan retardasi pertumbuhan, bersamaan dengan tingginya angka kejadian penyakit infeksi yang berat seperti diare, pneumonia, dan malaria.7-9 Di Indonesia, defisiensi Zn merupakan salah satu masalah gizi pada balita disamping kurang energi protein serta kekurangan zat gizi yang lain seperti vitamin A, zat besi, dan
Background Functional constipation is a common pediatric problem in both developed and developing countries. In the past two decades, the prevalence of obesity has increased worldwide. Obesity itself leads to many health problems, including functional constipation. Studies correlating obesity to functional constipation have thus far mostly originated from developed countries. Objective To assess for a possible correlation between obesity and functional constipation in children in a developing country. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Mukhlisin Islamic Boarding School, Batu Bara District, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia, between July and August 2015. The subjects were 150 students aged 12 to 17 years. Questionnaires were used to determine functional constipation and filled by direct interview. Obesity was determined by body mass index. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test. Results Of 150 children, 49 had functional constipation; and 18 of the 49 were obese. The mean age of children with constipation was 14.7 (SD 1.07) years (95%CI 14.1 to 14.7) and their mean body weight was 53.8 (SD 15.10) kg (95%CI 49.4 to 58.1). The prevalence for functional constipation in obese children was 58% There was a statistically significant correlation between obesity and functional constipation (prevalence ratio=4; 95%CI 1.72 to 8.94; P=0.001), indicating that obese children had 4 times higher risk of having functional constipation. Conclusion There is a significant correlation between obesity and functional constipation in children. [Paediatr Indones. 2018;58:1-4 ; doi: http://dx
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