RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos da interferência contextual na aquisição de habilidades motoras em função das dificuldades funcional e nominal da tarefa. Participaram do estudo indivíduos adultos de ambos os sexos (N = 160) com média de idade de 21.3 (± 3.3) anos. O delineamento contou com 8 grupos envolvendo indivíduos experientes e inexperientes (dificuldade funcional) que praticaram uma tarefa simples ou complexa (dificuldade nominal) de timing coincidente, em regime aleatório ou por blocos. As medidas de desempenho foram os erros absoluto, variável e constante. Os resultados não mostraram diferenças entre os grupos de prática aleatória e por blocos em nenhuma das condições de dificuldade. Sendo assim, concluiu-se que o efeito da interferência contextual não foi dependente das dificuldades funcional e nominal da tarefa.
O entendimento dos aspectos da educação de um país é de fundamental impor- tância para estabelecer metas de melhorias no ensino. O trabalho a seguir utiliza técnicas estatísticas e da ciência de dados com a finalidade de identificar características relevantes dos participantes do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio do ano de 2019 e possíveis relações dessas características com o desempenho dos mesmos. Tem por objetivo verificar se tais características refletem no desempenho dos participantes do exame. Com o auxílio das bibliotecas Pandas, Matplotlib, Seaborn, Numpy e sklearn da linguagem Python, foi possível encontrar alguns fatores que exercem influência no desempenho dos participantes do exame e categorizar algumas características do perfil dos mesmos.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different practice schedules on the hierarchical organization of motor skills in the adaptive process. Forty volunteers, both men and women, with an average age of 28.7 years (SD ± 8.1) took part in the experiment. The design consisted of two phases (stabilization and adaptation) and four practice groups: constant; constant−random; random; and random−constant. Participants performed 90 trials of golf putting strokes in the stabilization phase and 30 trials in the adaptation phase. Hierarchical or ganization was accessed by measures of macrostructure (relative displacement and timing) and microstructure (total displacement and time). Cluster analyses were run to infer the emergence of movement patterns over practice. Results showed that constant, ra ndom and random-constant groups altered macro and microstructure and improved performance in the stabilization phase. However, their performance worsened after perturbation. It was also verified that consistency of the macrostructure was lower than that of the microstructure. It was concluded that constant, random and random−constant practices made possible the partial formation of the macro and microstructures, since they did not become functional.
The bleaching plant of a kraft pulp mill is the sector that consumes water and generates effluent with the highest volume. Water recycling is an attractive option to reduce water consumption and effluent generation. This study evaluated the technical feasibility of using treated effluent as washing water in the bleaching stages. The bleaching sequence was simulated in the laboratory using four types of washing water: deionized water, whitewater, low organic load effluent, and high organic load effluent. To achieve 90% ISO pulp brightness, the ClO2 consumption increased from 8.1 kg ClO2 odt-1 when using water to 13.8 and 16.3 kgClO2 odt-1 for the low and high organic effluents. Physical and optical tests of the hand-sheet papers did not show any statistical difference between various washing waters. The filtrates showed values that did not burden the efficiency of the effluent treatment plant. It was possible to use effluent in the bleaching stages, considering that the filtrates and the produced paper complied with the quality standards.
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