Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is a slowly propagating wave of spontaneous cortical electrical activity and it shares underlying mechanisms with neurological diseases such as migraine and epilepsy. It is well known that the neuronal tissue is susceptible to oxidative stress because of its high oxygen consumption and modest antioxidant defenses; alteration of the physiological pattern can enhance the oxidative stress (OS). Furthermore, ω‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid of fish oil (FO) protects the brain by reducing OS and moderate treadmill also (MT) counteracts OS. We evaluated the effects of FO supplementation and MT on antioxidant enzymes in rat’s cortexes (right and left hemisphere). All rats were submitted to 2%KCl stimulus to elicit CSD in the right hemisphere. In order to study OS, we analyzed BW, MDA, SOD, CAT and GST. In the left hemisphere, FO supplementation increases MDA production. MT + FO also increases MDA; there is no difference in any antioxidant enzyme. In the right hemisphere, FO supplementation, MT and MT + FO supplementation groups showed decrease in MDA production, on the other hand, there was no influence on enzymatic activities. Briefly, data show that CSD, FO or MT don’t induce significant modulation in antioxidant enzymes, which suggest that CSD is a useful phenomenon that contributes to the study of FO and MT on neurological diseases without cumulative effects of oxidative stress. Grant Funding Source: Supported by FACEPE and CNPq
Introduction: Obesity is an internationally health crisis. The bariatric surgery offers treatment to reduce body weight, induce remission of obesity-related diseases and improve quality of life. Nutritional deficiencies may have been installed even before surgery, and preoperative anemia is an independent risk factor. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate iron deficiency in obese candidates for bariatric surgery, attending a nutrition ambulatory of a university hospital in Recife/Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive study. The patients were evaluated according to sex, age, weight, body mass index (BMI), iron and ferritin levels. Iron deficiency was classified by levels <50 Ug/dl and <65 Ug/dl for women and men, respectively. The ferritin levels classified as deficient were those below 15 ng/ml for both sexes. Data collection was performed from May 2017 to June 2018, using data from nutrition setting’s monitoring forms. Data were tabulated and analyzed using Microsoft Excel software version 10. Results: 75 patients were included, with prevalence of women (85.3%), mean BMI of 47.99 ± 7.56 kg/m2. The means of serum iron (n = 70) and ferritin (n = 60) were 76.33 ± 37.06 Ug/dl and 160.82 ± 159.43 ng/ml, respectively. There was a high prevalence of serum iron deficiency (62.9%); however, ferritin was deficient in only 1.7% of the study population. Conclusion: This study observed an important presence of iron deficiency in the group of obese patients evaluated, with the greatest sensitivity being detected by means of serum iron. The biochemical evaluation of the patient who will be submitted to the bariatric procedure is important, in order to avoid health issues and postoperative complications, thus helping in their recovery.
Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status and the cardiovascular risk in women with breast cancer and identify factors associated with excessive body weight. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative study was carried out in an oncology outpatient clinic and, gynecology/oncology wards at the Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, from March to August 2019. The data analyzed was related to sociodemographic, gynecologic, clinic, anthropometric and lifestyle factors. Nutritional status was assessed using Body Mass Index, considering excessive body weight when > 25 kg/m2 for adults and > 27 kg/m2 for elderly. Obesity was considered > 30 kg/m2. Cardiovascular risk was defined by waist circumference (≥ 80 cm), neck circumference (≥ 34 cm) and waist-to-height ratio (> 0.5). Results: A total of 46 patients were included, with a mean age of 51.9 years, and the majority in outpatient follow-up. The population was mostly Caucasian women, who were married or in a civil union, who had had at least one pregnancy, were in menopause, and were sedentary. High frequencies of excessive body weight (76.1%) and obesity (43.5%) were observed, and anthropometric parameters revealed an elevated frequency of cardiovascular risk in this population, waist circumference (97.8%), neck circumference (84.8%), and waist-to-height ratio (95.7%). Unemployment (p = 0.020), and waist (p = 0.001) and neck (p = 0.001) circumferences were statistically associated factors to excessive body weight. Conclusions: The anthropometric profile of women with breast cancer indicated excess body weight and elevated cardiovascular risk, which suggests to the need for nutrition intervention and follow-up after the diagnosis.
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