Objective: to evaluate the association of Obstetric Nursing in the best practices of delivery and birth care in maternity hospitals. Method: a cross-sectional study, with 666 women selected for delivery. Parturition obstetric practices performed by professionals were categorized into: clearly useful practices that should be encouraged, practices that are clearly harmful or ineffective and that should be eliminated and practices used inappropriately at the time of parturition. Results: clearly useful practices were used in greater proportions in the hospitals that had Obstetric Nursing working, while clearly harmful practices and those used inappropriately were practiced in smaller proportions in hospitals that had Obstetric Nursing, both with statistical difference. Conclusion: institutions with Obstetric Nursing adopt better practices of delivery and birth care, based on scientific evidence, when compared to those that do not act. RESUMOObjetivo: avaliar a associação da Enfermagem Obstétrica nas boas práticas da assistência ao parto e nascimento em maternidades. Método: estudo transversal, com 666 mulheres selecionadas por ocasião da realização de parto. As práticas obstétricas realizadas pelos profissionais que assistiam o processo de parturição foram categorizadas em: práticas claramente úteis e que devem ser estimuladas, práticas claramente prejudiciais ou ineficazes e que devem ser eliminadas e práticas usadas de modo inapropriado no momento de parturição. Resultados: práticas claramente úteis foram utilizadas em maiores proporções nos hospitais que possuíam a Enfermagem Obstétrica atuante, enquanto práticas claramente prejudiciais e aquelas usadas de modo inapropriado foram praticadas em menores proporções em hospitais que possuíam a Enfermagem Obstétrica, ambas com diferença estatística. Conclusão: instituições com Enfermagem Obstétrica adotam melhores práticas de atenção ao parto e nascimento, baseadas em evidências científicas, quando comparadas às que ela não atua. Descritores: Enfermagem Obstétrica; Trabalho de Parto; Parto; Parto Humanizado; Obstetrícia; Nascimento. RESUMENObjetivo: evaluar la asociación de la Enfermería Obstétrica en las buenas prácticas de la asistencia al parto y el nacimiento en maternidades. Método: estudio transversal, con 666 mujeres seleccionadas con ocasión de la realización del parto. Las prácticas obstétricas realizadas por los profesionales que asistían al proceso de parturición se clasificaron en: prácticas claramente útiles y que deben ser estimuladas, prácticas claramente perjudiciales o ineficaces y que deben ser eliminadas y prácticas utilizadas de modo inapropiado en el parto. Resultados: las prácticas claramente útiles fueron utilizadas en mayores proporciones en los hospitales que poseían la Enfermería Obstétrica actuante, mientras prácticas claramente perjudiciales y aquellas usadas de modo inapropiado fueron practicadas en menores proporciones en hospitales que poseían la Enfermería Obstétrica, ambas con diferencia estadística. Conclusión: las instituciones con E...

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar a tendência das notificações de sífilis gestacional e congênita em Minas Gerais, Brasil, de 2009 a 2019. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de série temporal, considerando-se como unidade de análise o estado de Minas Gerais, a partir de dados notificados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan). Empregou-se o modelo autorregressivo de Prais-Winsten para verificação de tendência. Resultados: Foram notificados 20.348 casos de sífilis gestacional e 11.173 casos de sífilis congênita. O percentual médio de incremento anual foi de 36,7% (IC95% 32,5;41,0) para a taxa de incidência de sífilis gestacional, e de 32,8% (IC95% 28,0;37,8) para a taxa de incidência de sífilis congênita (p<0,001). Conclusão: A análise de tendência temporal evidenciou que as taxas de incidência de sífilis gestacional e sífilis congênita apresentaram tendências crescentes significativas, o que se pode relacionar ao tratamento inadequado ou à não realização de tratamento da sífilis durante o período gestacional.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether age group, complications or comorbidities are associated with the length of hospitalization of women undergoing cesarean section. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out between June 2012 and July 2017, with 64,437 women undergoing cesarean section and who did not acquire conditions during their hospital stay. Hospital discharge data were collected from national health institutions, using the Diagnosis-Related Groups system (DRG Brasil). The DRG referring to cesarean section with additional complications or comorbidities (DRG 765) and cesarean section without complications or associated comorbidities (DRG 766) were included in the initial diagnosis. The influence of age group and comorbidities or complications present at admission on the length of hospital stay was assessed based on the means of the analysis of variance. The size of the effect was verified by Cohen’s D, which allows evaluating clinical relevance. The criticality levels were identified using the Duncan test. RESULTS: The longest length of hospital stay was observed in the age group from 15 to 17 years old and among those aged 45 years old or more. The hospital stay of women with complications or comorbidities at the time of admission was also longer. Moreover, it was noted that the increase in criticality level was associated with an increase in the mean length of hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS: The length of hospital stay of women is higher among those belonging to the age group ranging from 15 to 17 years old and for those aged 45 years old or more. The presence of associated comorbidities, such as eclampsia, pre-existing hypertensive disorder with superimposed proteinuria and gestational hypertension (induced by pregnancy) with significant proteinuria increase the length of hospital stay. This study enabled the construction of distinct criticality level profiles based on the combination of age groups and the main comorbidities, which were directly related to the length of hospital stay.

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Objective: To analyze the factors associated with the performance of episiotomy. Methods: Cross-sectional study, developed with data from the research “Born in Belo Horizonte: Labor and birth survey, “conducted with 577 women who had their children via vaginal birth. In order to verify the magnitude of the association between episiotomy and its possible determinants, logistic regression models were constructed to estimate the odds ratio. Results: Episiotomy was performed in 26.34% of women, and 59.21% knew they had been subjected to it. We observed that younger women, primiparous women, women assisted by a professional other than the obstetric nurse and women who had their babies in a private hospital have an increased chance of being submitted to this procedure. Conclusion: Considering the rates of episiotomy, this study highlights the need for the absolute contraindication to indiscriminate performing it.

Objective: to analyze the association between the factors of the social environment and the coverage rates of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in adolescents, in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Method: this is an epidemiological, ecological study, with panel and trend analysis from 2016 to 2020. The population consisted of adolescents aged 9 to 13 years. The environmental variables were coverage rates, the municipal index of human development, income, education, and longevity; and the rate of violence. The Prais-Winsten autoregression and the panel regression model were used, in addition to the estimate of the mean annual percentage variation. Results: the vaccination coverage rates are below the goals recommended by the Ministry of Health for all regions analyzed. Moreover, these rates are associated with factors related to the application of the first dose and to aspects inherent to the social environment, such as the rate of violence. Conclusion: our findings showed that, although tenuous, aspects of the environment, in addition to individual characteristics, provide relevant information to understand the occurrence of health outcomes, since this vaccination campaign presents a strong influence of the environment and age as factors associated with the low rates.

Background Childhood-juvenile obesity is a globally acknowledged public health issue. The school environment has been widely assessed because it is where adolescents stay longer during the day, and it may have impact on obesity. School became a crucial environment for obesity prevention in children and adolescents. The aim of the present study was to associate schools’ internal environment factors and its surrounding areas with obesity in adolescents from a Brazilian metropolis. Methods Cross-sectional study based on data from the Study on Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents. The sample comprised 2,530 adolescents in the age group 12–17 years, who were enrolled in public and private schools in Belo Horizonte City, Brazil. Obesity was the dependent variable based on the cut-off point score-z + 2 for body mass index based on age. School environment’s independent variables were ‘managerial dependence type’, ‘number of drinking fountains’, ‘school sports environment’ and ‘ready-to-eat food shops’ around the school (within an 800 m buffer). Results Obesity prevailed in 7.21% in sample. The largest number of drinking fountains decrease by 9% the chances of obesity in adolescents enrolled in public and private schools; however, the second and third terciles recorded for the number of ready-to-eat food shops within the 800 m buffer around schools increased by 24% and 44% the chances of obesity, respectively. Conclusion School food environment aspects such as the number of operational drinking fountains and the availability of ready-to-eat food shops around the school were associated with obesity in adolescents from a Brazilian metropolis.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a distribuição espacial da vacina contra Hepatite B (VCHB) de gestantes. Estudo transversal, realizado com 266 puérperas. O registro da VCHB foi obtido por meio da caderneta de pré-natal. Para a detecção do cluster de risco para presença de registro ou ausência de VCHB foi utilizada a técnica de varredura espacial. Posteriormente a esta identificação do cluster, procedeu-se à comparação das variáveis individuais e ambientais entre as Áreas de Abrangência da Unidade Básica de Saúde (AA-UBS). A prevalência média de não VCHB foi de 88,34%. A análise de varredura espacial Scan observou-se um cluster de alta prevalência de puérperas que apresentava o registro da VCHB em suas cadernetas. Análises comparativas demonstraram que trabalho remunerado e o número de consultas realizadas no pré-natal estão associados positivamente a VCHB. Este trabalho suscita uma reflexão de possíveis disparidades com as demais AA-UBS, além da perspectiva a nível ambiental. Ressalta-se que a situação vacinal sofre influência não somente de fatores intrínsecos aos indivíduos, entretanto, nesse estudo, os resultados apontam que as variáveis individuais são majoritariamente mandatórias na decisão das gestantes em vacinarem.