Understanding weight regain after a nutritional weight loss intervention: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Machado, Adriane Moreira; Guimarães, Nathália Sernizon; Boccardi, Victória B.; Silva, Thales Philipe Rodrigues da; Silva, Ariene do C.; Menezes, Mariana Carvalho de; Duarte, Camila Kümmel

doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.03.020

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Substantial and maintained weight loss could therefore be expected to be associated with increased hunger and decreased fullness relative to baseline, as reported by Sumithran et al [3], but this was not observed in participants receiving semaglutide in the STEP 5 CoEQ population and could reflect the impact of the pharmacotherapy. That semaglutide enables participants to lose ~15% of baseline weight (while maintaining favorable appetite control) compared with the 6% to 10% produced by most intensive lifestyle interventions, which is often followed by weight regain after 1 year [15], suggests that the medication may partially counteract the metabolic adaptation that occurs in response to weight loss with diet and physical activity alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐year effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg on control of eating in adults with overweight/obesity: STEP 5

Wharton

Batterham

Bhatta

et al. 2023

Obesity

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Objective: This study evaluated the effect of once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg on 2-year control of eating. Methods: In STEP 5, adults with overweight/obesity were randomized 1:1 to semaglutide 2.4 mg or placebo, plus lifestyle modification, for 104 weeks. A 19-item Control of Eating Questionnaire was administered at weeks 0, 20, 52, and 104 in a subgroup of participants. P values were not controlled for multiplicity. Results: In participants completing the Control of Eating Questionnaire (semaglutide, n = 88; placebo, n = 86), mean body weight changes were À14.8% (semaglutide) and À2.4% (placebo). Scores significantly improved with semaglutide versus placebo for Craving Control and Craving for Savory domains at weeks 20, 52, and 104 (p < 0.01); for Positive Mood and Craving for Sweet domains at weeks 20 and 52 (p < 0.05); and for hunger and fullness at week 20 (p < 0.001). Improvements in craving domain scores were positively correlated with reductions in body weight from baseline to week 104 with semaglutide. At 104 weeks, scores for desire to eat

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐year effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg on control of eating in adults with overweight/obesity: STEP 5

Wharton

Batterham

Bhatta

et al. 2023

Obesity

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“…Jedoch kommt es etwa 36 Wochen nach Beendigung der Intervention zu einer erneuten Gewichtszunahme. Nach etwa 40-48 Wochen ist das zuvor verlorene Gewicht wieder zugenommen [65]. Diese Daten beziehen sich jedoch ausschließlich auf Personen mit einer polygenen Adipositas.…”

Section: Die Konservative Therapie Von Monogener Und Polygener Adipos...unclassified

Genetische Ursachen der Adipositas und ihre therapeutischen Implikationen

Rajcsanyi,

Schmidt,

Düerkop

et al. 2023

Adipositas - Ursachen, Folgeerkrankungen, Therapie

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ZusammenfassungAdipositas ist eine komplexe Störung, die von Umweltfaktoren und genetischen Varianten beeinflusst wird. Basierend auf den genetischen Grundlagen wird zwischen zwei Formen der Adipositas unterschieden. Die monogene (und syndromale) Adipositas ist selten und wird von Mutationen in jeweils einem Gen bedingt. Zur Manifestation einer extremen Adipositas mit Hyperphagie kommt es bereits in den ersten Lebensjahren. Abhängig vom betroffenen Gen können zudem weitere phänotypische Ausprägungen hinzukommen. Die polygene Adipositas dagegen ist weitaus häufiger. Ursächlich für diese Form ist eine Vielzahl von genetischen Varianten, die jeweils einen geringen, aber additiven Effekt auf das Körpergewicht haben. Frühzeitige genetische Diagnostik kann die vorliegende Form der Adipositas identifizieren und die Wahl einer geeigneten Therapieoption, ob Lebensstilintervention, bariatrische Chirurgie oder pharmakologische Behandlung, unterstützen. Wir stellen aktuelle Erkenntnisse der Forschung über die genetischen Ursachen der Adipositas dar. Zudem werden therapeutische und diagnostische Optionen, die teils auf genetischen Befunden basieren, beleuchtet.

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“…46 While such therapeutic interventions provide important support for treatment-seeking individuals with obesity by supporting cognitive restraint and reducing emotional eating, alone they rarely can achieve a sufficient long-term weight reduction. [47][48][49] Similarly, acceptance and commitment therapy has been found to be very helpful in reducing emotional distress caused by obesity, but is unlikely to bring to and maintain body weight at a lower level. 50,51 Innovative, more tailored approaches such as the recently reported 'regulation of cues intervention', developed based on the behavioural susceptibility theory that might be more effective in a subset of individuals who show a particular high food responsiveness, 52 but it is questionable if such personalized therapies can be provided on a large scale to people with obesity.…”

Section: Implications For Anti-obesity Therapy 91 | Strengthening Top...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…stimulus control and stress reduction strategies, generally aim to strengthen the top‐down control of eating behaviour and physical activity 46 . While such therapeutic interventions provide important support for treatment‐seeking individuals with obesity by supporting cognitive restraint and reducing emotional eating, alone they rarely can achieve a sufficient long‐term weight reduction 47–49 . Similarly, acceptance and commitment therapy has been found to be very helpful in reducing emotional distress caused by obesity, but is unlikely to bring to and maintain body weight at a lower level 50,51 .…”

Section: Implications For Anti‐obesity Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘Behavioral Balance Model’: A new perspective on the aetiology and therapy of obesity

Schultes,

Ernst,

Hallschmid

et al. 2023

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

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Obesity is a debilitating disease of global proportions that necessitates refined, concept‐driven therapeutic approaches. Policy makers, the public and even health care professionals, but also individuals with obesity harbour many misconceptions regarding this disease, which leads to prejudice, negative attitudes, stigmatization, discrimination, self‐blame, and failure to provide and finance adequate medical care. Decades of intensive, successful scientific research on obesity have only had a very limited effect on this predicament. We propose a science‐based, easy‐to‐understand conceptual model that synthesizes the complex pathogenesis of obesity including biological, psychological, social, economic and environmental aspects with the aim to explain and communicate better the nature of obesity and currently available therapeutic modalities. According to our integrative ‘Behavioral Balance Model’, ‘top‐down cognitive control’ strategies are implemented (often with limited success) to counterbalance the increased ‘bottom‐up drive’ to gain weight, which is triggered by biological, psycho‐social and environmental mechanisms in people with obesity. Besides offering a deeper understanding of obesity, the model also highlights why there is a strong need for multimodal therapeutic approaches that may not only increase top‐down control but also reduce a pathologically increased bottom‐up drive.

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Understanding weight regain after a nutritional weight loss intervention: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 19 publications

References 56 publications

Two‐year effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg on control of eating in adults with overweight/obesity: STEP 5

Two‐year effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg on control of eating in adults with overweight/obesity: STEP 5

Genetische Ursachen der Adipositas und ihre therapeutischen Implikationen

The ‘Behavioral Balance Model’: A new perspective on the aetiology and therapy of obesity

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