The article substantiates the social nature of the dichotomy of contemporary postmodern society through the analysis of the social content of possible forms of social activity. Using the terminology of S. Deetz’s theory of communication, the authors substantiate that today in Ukrainian society there are three main forms of social activity - consent; involvement; participation. The dominance of a certain form of social dialogue in society determines the nature, dynamics, direction, spatial and temporal social activity limitations. The results of an empirical study on the distribution of forms of social activity in contemporary Ukrainian society are presented. Emphasis is placed on the fact that one of the conditions for reducing the social destructiveness of postmodern society is the value context of social dialogue as a manifestation of social activity that regulates relations between social groups. In postmodern society, there is a multiplicity of variations of social interaction. The social nature of the constructive social activity of contemporary Ukrainian society “lies” in the plane of “social interaction - social dialogue - social trust”. Effective (constructive) social interaction between certain social groups (especially those which have the ability and desire to influence social processes actively) leads to the formation of new social relations, that, in turn, form opportunities for social dialogue between them. This dialogue influences the evolution (progressive reforming) of the structural organization of society, which is a prerequisite for the stability of society, decreasing its potential social destructiveness (especially in a situation of social challenges).
The purpose of this article is to justify the model of societal uncertainty as a determinant of collective social behavior on the example of the development of societal expectations and perceptions of Ukrainians. The basic methodological premise of the study is to think of society as a "field of opportunity" for social actors, and the research hypothesis is that Ukrainians are in no hurry to change the permanent state of 'uncertainty or instability' to 'certainty or stability.' The results of the research project "Social Conflictogenity of Ukrainian Society" were interpreted, concerning the attitude of representatives of different social groups towards the state of "societal uncertainty." It was concluded that a certain destructuring of modern Ukrainian society contributes to the consolidation of societal uncertainty among members of the society as a model of interaction among social subjects. This destructuring is exacerbated by the dominance in most respondents of a passive strategy of forming societal expectations, and Ukrainians' understanding of societal expectations as wishes. The main issue for members of the society in the situation of societal uncertainty is connected with the uncertainty of social perspectives, and not so much at the personal level, as at the level of social groups and society in general.
Rapid progress in the field of publishing scientific journals, on the one hand, facilitates all editorial processes, and on the other hand, increases the risks of losing the uniqueness of a scientific article. The growing need of scientific journals for supporting tools that would, on the one hand, protect journal editions from unscrupulous authors who resort to the practice of scientific plagiarism, and on the other hand, instill in authors a sense of responsibility for the texts they send. The purpose is to reveal the problems of using text similarity scanners - plagiarism checking services in the editorial process of scientific journals of Ukraine, to verify by empirical research the theoretical hypothesis about the existence of certain types of practices of academic plagiarism in the Ukrainian scientific environment. Survey of editors of professional editions of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine has been conducted using the CAWI method with the help of the Google forms functionality. The sample consisted of 99 experts (editors of category “A” journals – 8%; editors of category “B” journals – 92%), who represented the general population on the basis of “journal category”, which ensured the validity of the results. The opinion of the editors of scientific journals on the use of text similarity scanners in the editorial process has been determined. The most widely used services are Unicheck and Antiplagiat, which, according to respondents, most simply and concretely solve the problem of plagiarism and reuse of text. It has been identified that publishing houses that publish journals with international distribution and those indexed by the scientometric platforms Scopus and WoS (category “A” according to the national classification) mostly use similarity scanners. Publishing houses operating only within Ukraine, the journals of which are not represented in prestigious scientometric platforms, often ignore plagiarism detection software altogether and rely solely on the opinion of reviewers and editors. It is shown that the practice of using text similarity scanners, although entrenched in the Ukrainian scientific and publishing space, is still not widespread enough and does not cover the vast majority of scientific journals that rely only on traditional forms of reviewing scientific texts.
The article is devoted to understanding prognostic functions and possible trends in developing the national self-consciousness of members of societies in a state of socio-historical transformations. Today, there is an urgent need to analyze specific social phenomena and processes in the sociocultural space of social systems, which determine the potential vectors of their social transformations. The national self-consciousness of members of society is just such a phenomenon and is considered by the authors as a component of the socio-cultural transformation of modern society. The conceptualization of national self-consciousness in the context of the scientific discourse of self-consciousness in the social sciences allowed not only to create a holistic characterization of this concept, to highlight the most significant aspects of this phenomenon, but also to determine and analyze the differences in the formation of national self-consciousness depending on the phasal position of society. The main idea of the article is based on the concept that addressing national self-consciousness during dynamic social changes is not only expedient but also necessary both for the sake of historical and retrospective explanation and reasoned, probabilistic prediction of the development of ethnonational processes during the period of social transformations, as well as for identifying opportunities to influence the formation of national self-consciousness in a multi-ethnic society. The authors draw attention to the fact that during the period of social transformations, the process of changing national self-consciousness has certain problematic points (parallel existence of "old" and "new" self-consciousness; unsettled replacement of "old" social values and social norms with "new" ones; the existence of opposite tendencies and ways of formation of national self-consciousness, etc.). The solution to these problems depends on the understanding of the essence of the values and development trends of a certain social environment in which the society will function in the future, the real possibilities of the influence of national self-consciousness on the spiritual and ethical priorities of individuals, on the cultural space of society. The article defines potential vectors of change in national self-consciousness under various circumstances of the development of social transformations. Each of those has a fundamentally different effect on the general state of society as a social system, which creates methodological foundations for the empirical recording of trends in the development of national self-consciousness in the context of the social dynamics of transformational processes through the definition of formation indicators of national self-consciousness levels.
By the results of an empiric study performed among inhabitants of the Do netsk region, the formed levels of national self consciousness are analyzed. It is concluded that their level does not significantly depend on the national ity, and the respondents are mostly characterized by the irrational level of national self consciousness.
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