The dyeing properties of a chitin/cellulose composite fiber, Crabyon® (CR), for CI Acid Orange 7 dye are examined at equilibrium compared with those for protein fibers of silk and wool and a regenerated cellulosic fiber, viscose rayon. The adsorption isotherms of the dye by CR are the sigmoid type, different from silk and wool, which are the Langmuir type. The most remarkable feature of CR is its adsorption of the dye, which greatly depends on the dyebath pH. Hence, it seems that the adsorption is due to the electrostatic interaction of the dye anion with the protonated amino group of the partially deacetylated chitin in CR. Under the same conditions, the greater the content of the basic groups in amorphous regions in the substrate, the greater the dye uptake at equilibrium: CR(20) > wool > CR(10) > silk ≧ CR(3).

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Phosphorylation of a tyrosine residue within a 15-kDa protein has been found to play a role in the initiation of flagellar movement of quiescent spermatozoa of the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri [Morisawa & Hayashi (1986) Biomed. Res. 6, 181-184; Hayashi et al. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 16692-16698]. In order to find a more accessible source of the 15-kDa protein for biochemical studies, phosphorylation of proteins was studied in other organs from other species. Cell-free extracts from spermatozoa and testes of Salmonidae were prepared and all catalyzed the cAMP-dependent, Mg(2+)-requiring, but Ca(2+)-independent phosphorylation of the 15-kDa proteins. Protein from the testes of a white salmon, Oncorhynchus keta, was isolated by conventional purification methods. The 15-kDa protein in the cell-free extract was found to be complexed with several other proteins such that the 15-kDa protein and its phosphorylating activity were copurified. Isolation of a sufficient amount of the complex for the preparation of antibodies against the various constituents is now possible.

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We present the results of an investigation, both theoretical and experimental, of partially occupied and unoccupied electronic distributions in orthorhombic Al 2 Ru. The occupied Al states near E F are p-d hybridized in interaction with Ru 4d states, whereas they are almost purely s-like in character beyond 6 eV from E F . The Ru 4d states are found close to E F ; their interaction with the Al states produces an important depletion of the Al 3s-d and Al 3p distributions. As a result, the Al edges are somewhat pushed back from E F . Thus a wide range of energy with almost no states is present in the occupied band side. E F lies close to the bottom of the unoccupied band where both unoccupied Al states and unoccupied Ru states are present. These results are compared to previous data for icosahedral quasicrystalline Al 70.5 Pd 21 Re 8.5 .

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