AbstrakPenelitian Keanekaragaman Coleoptera dan Araneida di ekosistem Perkebunan Kakao Rakyat Kabupaten Kolaka Timur telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2014 – Juni 2015. Tujuannya untuk mengevaluasi kepadatan relatif dan keanekaragaman Coleoptera dan Araneida permukaan tanah. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di empat kondisi sanitasi kebun yang berbeda, yaitu tanpa sanitasi (TS), sanitasi bersih (SB), sanitasi pohon (SP), dan sanitasi lahan/seresah (SS), dengan luas masing-masing kebun sebesar satu hektar. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif - kuantitatif, dengan metode purposive, dan pengambilan sampel melalui penangkapan langsung dengan tangan, umpan serangga, dan perangkap. Hasilnya, dari ordo Coleoptera diperoleh enam famili yaitu Scarabaeidae, Scolytidae, Staphylinidae, Nitidulidae, Hydrophilidae, Dermestidae dan dari ordo Araneida juga diperoleh enam famili yaitu Salticidae, Thomisidae, Araneidae, Lycosidae, Arachnidae, dan Oxyopidae. Kepadatan relatif tertinggi ordo Coleoptera terdapat di kebun sanitasi bersih, yaitu famili Scolytidae 34,20%, dengan indeks keragaman -0,16. Kepadatan relatif tertinggi dari ordo Araneida juga terdapat di kebun sanitasi bersih yaitu famili Lycosidae 5,20% dengan indeks keragaman -0,018. Kata kunci : Kepadatan relatif, Indeks keanekaragaman, Coleoptera, Araneida AbstractThe research diversity of Coleoptera and Araneida on the ground of Cocoa smallholder Plantation at East Kolaka was held in October 2014 - June 2015. The objective is to evaluate the relative density and diversity of Coleoptera and ground Araneida. Sampling was carried out in four different gardens sanitary conditions, i.e. without sanitation (TS), clean sanitary (SB), tree sanitary (SP), and land sanitary (SS) with each garden area of one hectare. The study was descriptive, using purposive sampling through direct capture by hand, insect baits and traps. The result, of the order coleoptera obtained six families (Scarabaeidae, Scolytidae, Staphylinidae, Nitidulidae, hydrophilidae, Dermestidae) and six families are Salticidae, Thomisidae, Araneidae, Lycosidae, Arachnidae, dan Oxyopidae of the order Araneida. In the cocoa field with clean sanitation, the highest relative density of the order coleoptera exhibited by the family Scolytidae 34.20%, with a diversity index -0.16 and the highest relative density of the order araneida exhibited by the familiy Lycosidae 5.20% with a diversity index -0.018. Keywords: Relative density, Diversity index, Coleoptera, Araneida
Abstrak Tantangan pertanian ke depan adalah peningkatan produksi pertanian, kelestarian lingkungan dan kesehatan masyarakat sebagai akibat meningkatnya jumlah penduduk dan kesadaran masyarakat akan pengaruh negatif yang ditimbulkan oleh penggunaan pupuk anorganik dan pestisida sintetik/kimia (anorganik). Sistem pertanian organik merupakan salah satu solusi yang diajukan untuk diterapkan pada sistem pertanian di masa yang akan datang. Sistem pertanian organik adalah sistem budidaya pertanian yang mengandalkan bahan-bahan alami tanpa menggunakan bahan kimia/sintesis (anorganik). Pemanfaatan pupuk organik dan pestisida nabati dalam usaha pertanian akan mengurangi resiko pencemaran lingkungan, meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan, serta menekan pengaruh negatif dari penggunaan pupuk anorganik dan pestisida sintesik/kimia (anorganik). Prinsip dalam sistem pertanian organik adalah adanya keseimbangan siklus hara dan kesuburan tanah serta pengendalian hama dan penyakit secara terpadu. Untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah dan memenuhi kebutuhan pupuk organik di dalam menjaga keseimbangan siklus hara, serta mengurangi penggunaan pestisida nabati, peran legum seperti bengkuang (Pachyrrhizuz erosus L.) perlu dikaji lebih mendalam. Tanaman bengkuang sangat potensial dalam mendukung diterapkannya sistem pertanian organik karena; biomassa yang banyak dan mengandung nitrogen yang tinggi (3.42% - 3.51%), kemampuan hidup yang sangat luas di berbagai kondisi lahan karena bersimbiosis dengan bakteri Rhizobium dan Bradyrhizobium dalam menambat nitrogen (N2) udara dan bersimbiosis dengan cendawan mikoriza (AMF) yang dapat membantu penyerapan unsur hara terutama fosfor. Selain itu, kecuali umbi, bagian tanaman lainnya terutama pada biji bengkuang mengandung metabolit sekunder seperti rotenon yang bersifat insektisida. Dengan demikian maka bengkuang ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pupuk organik dan sebagai insektisida nabati dalam mendukung sistem pertanian organik. Kata Kunci: bengkuang(Pachyrrhizuz erosus L.), legum, rotenon, sistem pertanian organik Abstract The challenge of agriculture in the future is to increase agricultural production, environmental sustainability and public health as a result of increasing population and public awareness of the negative effects caused by the use of inorganic fertilizers and chemical/ synthetic pesticides. Organic farming system is one of the solutions proposed to be applied to agricultural systems in the future. Organic farming system is an agricultural cultivation system that relies on natural materials without using synthetic/chemicals (inorganic). Utilization of organic fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural businesses will reduce the risk of environmental pollution, improve fertilization efficiency, and reduce the negative effects of the use of inorganic fertilizers and chemical/synthetic pesticides. The principle in organic farming systems is the balance of nutrient cycling and soil fertility and integrated pest and disease control. To improve soil fertility and meet the needs of organic fertilizer in maintaining the balance of nutrient cycles, and reduce the use of synthetic chemical pesticides, the role of legumes such as yam bean (Pachyrrhizuz erosus L.) needs to be studied more deeply. Yam bean plants are very potential in supporting the implementation of organic farming systems because; a lot of high and nitrogen containing biomass (3.42% - 3.51%), a very broad life ability in various land conditions because it is symbiotic with Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium bacteria in fixing nitrogen (N2) air and symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) which can help absorption of nutrients, especially phosphorus. Especially in jicama seeds contain secondary metabolites such as rotenone which are insecticides. Thus, this yam bean can be used as an organic fertilizer and as a organic/vegetable insecticide in supporting organic farming systems. Keywords: Yam bean (Pachyrrhizuz erosus L.), legumes, rotenon, organic farming systems
This research was conducted in the Laboratory Agrotechnology of the Faculty of Agriculture , University of Halu Oleo Kendari from June to July 2013. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preferences and eating ability of rat on some varieties of rice in storage. The sign of study was arranged in latin square design, wich consists of five varieties of treatment that Ciliwung varieties, Konawe varieties, Pandan Wangi varieties, Mekongga varieties and Dolog rice, so that there are 25 experimental units for eating ability of rats hungry and 25 experimental units for the eating ability of rats not hungry, coupled 3 treatment with respective 3 replication for eating preference in order to obtain 59 experimental units. Were analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that eating preferences with the treatment option on the five varieties obtained preferred of rats with an average consumption respectively are Pandan Wangi varieties 6.82 g tail -1. Eating ability of rats showed all the tested varieties pferred to rats except Dolog rice, so ii may be recomendation to use Pandan Wangi varieties or Konawe varieties as varieties trap or pulling varieties for avoid major varieties of rat infestation.
Detection of ocurrence Citrus Vein Phloem Degeneration (CVPD) with PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique in Southeast Sulawesi. CVPD disease incidence in Southeast Sulawesi based on symptoms have never been reported. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technique was utilized to detect CVPD with specific primer forward OI and reverse OI2, specific for amplication of Liberobacter asiaticum DNA. The result of the reseach indicated that 69% of orange trees in Ladongi, Kolaka District and 65% of orange trees in Lalembuu 1, Konawe Selatan district showed the symptom. PCR technique successfully amplified DNA of bacterium L. asiaticum with the size of 1100 bp.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.