Children are highly susceptible to deleterious effects of environmental toxins. Those who live in underserved communities may be particularly at risk because environmental pollution has been found to be disproportionately distributed among communities. Mounting evidence suggests that asthma rates are rising and that this disease can be caused or aggravated by air pollution. Although ambient air quality has generally improved, these improvements have not reached minority communities in equal proportions. This and other data has fueled the concept of environmental justice or environmental equity, which has led to community activism and government actions. One possible example of environmental inequity and its consequences is the Hunt's Point community, in the South Bronx, New York. This community experiences a high pollution burden with the siting of facilities that emit hazardous wastes into the air. Our approach to this problem has been the formation of mechanisms for bidirectional communication between community residents, government entities, and academic institutions such as Mount Sinai Medical Center. As a result of this experience, we believe that the key to achieving environmental health, especially in communities of color where many children are at risk, is to empower residents to take charge of their environment by providing relevant educational opportunities. Strategies for environmental health education include multitiered training approaches that include community residents, parent education, direct children education, and community education through professional counselors and train-the-trainer approaches. We propose that academic researchers must use community residents not just as subjects of our studies, but to increase our mutual understanding of environmental health, resulting in active participation of community members in research design, data collection, analysis, and dissemination of results in order to make intervention strategies more effective.
A six-part, waste package materials field test was conducted in a halite horizon of a potash mine in southeastern New Mexico. The primary purposes of this test were to evaluate the thermophysical and geochemical performance of candidate HLW-package backfill materials emplaced in rock salt and the corrosion behavior of candidate waste canister or overpack alloys. This field test series also served as a precursor to forthcoming Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) in situ waste package performance experiments on simulated defense high-level waste packages, serving to develop applicable testing, instrumentation, and sampling techniques. The backfill materials tested (individually, in one- to five-month tests) were: low-density bentonite clay; low-density bentonite (70 wt.%)-silica sand (30 wt.%) mixtures, both dry and brine-injected; high-density bentonite-sand annular compacts; trapped air; and finely-crushed WIPP salt. The in situ measured thermal conductivities (at a maximum canister-heater surface temperature of 150° or 250°C) for the backfills ranged from 0.25 W/mK for pure bentonite to about 1.25 W/mK for the high-density bentonite-sand. No significant backfill material degradation products were detected in post-test analyses. No appreciable corrosion of the titanium-, nickel-, or iron-based alloys embedded in the hot backfill was found; potentially significant pitting corrosion of 2 1/4 Cr-1 Mo steel and copper was detected.
Rev. salud. bosque. | ISSN 2248-5759 (impresa) | ISSN 2322-9462 (digital) jul. -dic. de 2017 | Volumen 7 | Número 2 | Págs. ResumenObjetivo. Comprender las concepciones culturales y la construcción social sobre el autocuidado en salud y seguridad laboral en una muestra de trabajadores de una institución de educación superior en Bogotá, Colombia, sustentado en el modelo de consenso cultural de Romney. Material y métodos.Se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo de una muestra propositiva de 60 trabajadores a los que se les aplicaron listados libres, sorteo por montones y entrevistas semiestructuradas para obtener información que fue analizada mediante la factorización de componentes por conglomerados jerárquicos y escalas multidimensionales.Resultados. La concepción cultural sobre autocuidado en el grupo de trabajadores que participó, tuvo una alta consistencia cultural, que categoriza los términos en cinco componentes: valores (respeto, amor, honestidad); cualidades personales (autoestima, responsabilidad, prudencia, disciplina); prácticas (alimentación saludable, hacer ejercicio, aseo personal, evitar consumo de alcohol o tabaco, realizar pausas activas, usar elementos de protección personal, identificar y valorar los riesgos, recrearse, atender las recomendaciones médicas); consecuencias o efectos (bienestar, salud, seguridad, protección, felicidad) y entorno (contar con ambientes de trabajo que sean seguros, cómodos y agradables para vivir).Conclusiones. La prevención en ambientes de trabajo implica construir información acorde con la concepción cultural que tengan los grupos que conforman una organización.Palabras clave: consenso cultural, construcción social, autocuidado, salud y seguridad en el trabajo, trabajadores, Colombia, investigación cualitativa.Págs. 7-18 | Número 2 | Volumen 7 | jul. -dic. de 2017 | ISSN 2248-5759 (impresa) | ISSN 2322-9462 (digital) | Rev. salud. bosque. 8 | Autocuidado y seguridad laboral en una universidad colombiana Parra L, Hernández MR, Acosta M, Torres TM, Aguilera MA, Aldrete MG Abstract objective: Understanding the cultural conceptions and social construction of self-care regarding health and occupational safety rooted in Romney´s cultural consensus model in a sample of workers belonging to the higher education sector within an institution based in Bogota Colombia. Material and methods:Qualitative research conducted through sampling based on the researcher´s knowledge of the target population. The sample was comprised of sixty workers to whom check lists and semi structured interviews were applied. Subsequent data was analyzed by factorization of components, through hierarchical clustering and multidimensional scaling. Results:The cultural conception of self-care in the group of workers who participated, had a high cultural consistency, which categorizes terms into five identifiable components: values (respect, love, honesty); personal qualities (self-esteem, responsibility, prudence, discipline); practices (healthy eating, exercise, personal hygiene, avoidance of alcoho...
Significados de la calidad de vida laboral en docentes de una universidad privada de ColombiaMeanings related to the quality of the working life of educators in a private university of Colombia.Significados da qualidade de vida no trabalho em docentes em uma Universidade particular na Colômbia ResumenObjetivo. Comprender los significados de la calidad de vida laboral en docentes de una universidad privada en Bogotá, Colombia, mediante su descripción, análisis e interpretación. Materiales y métodos.Enfoque cualitativo con diseño de estudio de casos. Se hicieron entrevistas individuales en profundidad que contemplaron los ejes temáticos de condiciones de trabajo, empresa, factores individuales y entorno social. Participaron docentes voluntarios de un programa de salud de pregrado, vinculados con cualquier tipo de contrato laboral vigente durante el periodo académico de julio a noviembre del año 2015. Los datos se analizaron con fundamento en los supuestos del construccionismo social de Berger y Luckmann. Los datos se analizaron en el programa Atlas ti.Resultados. La calidad de vida laboral significó la satisfacción de necesidades fisiológicas, de seguridad, de autorrealización, de reconocimiento y de autonomía en el manejo del tiempo, a pesar de la insatisfacción de las necesidades de claridad en ascensos, espacios físicos para sus hijos pequeños, tiempos de desplazamiento y ambientes de descanso.Conclusiones. La calidad de vida laboral tiene significados particulares en cada docente, pero existen aspectos comunes al considerarla vivificante, tales como: flexibilidad en el manejo del tiempo, atrayente, diversa, facilitadora de la autonomía para la toma de decisiones y control de sus actividades. La calidad de vida laboral significó la interacción de múltiples dimensiones del trabajo que favorecen la realización integral personal, familiar y social de los docentes universitarios. De igual manera, implica tener un ambiente amable, respetuoso, de estabilidad laboral, en el que se puedan mostrar todas las habilidades profesionales y con reconocimiento permanente de la institución.Palabras clave: percepción, trabajo y ocupaciones, educación y manejo psicológico, calidad de vida. | Calidad de vida laboral en docentesAcosta R, Aguliera MA, Torres TM, Acosta M, Berard E Abstract Objective: To understand the meanings of the quality of working life of educators in a private university Bogotá Colombia, through its description, analysis and interpretation. Materials and methods:Qualitative research using designed case studies. In -depth individual interviews were carried out around four categories: work conditions, organization; individual factors and social environment. The participants of this study were educators from undergraduate programs having various types of employment contracts dating from July to November, 2015. The collected data was analysed using Berger and Luckman´s Social Constructionism Theory. Data was entered into Atlas.ti software. Results: Correlates of quality of working life such as: job satisfaction, ...
This document presents the security automated Risk Assessment Methodology (RAM) prototype tool developed by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). This work leverages SNL's capabilities and skills in security risk analysis and the development of vulnerability assessment/risk assessment methodologies to develop an automated prototype security RAM tool for critical infrastructures (RAM-CI TM). The prototype automated RAM tool provides a user-friendly, systematic, and comprehensive risk-based tool to assist CI sector and security professionals in assessing and managing security risk from malevolent threats. The current tool is structured on the basic RAM framework developed by SNL. It is envisioned that this prototype tool will be adapted to meet the requirements of different CI sectors and thereby provide additional capabilities.
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