Abstract. In this study, the effects of a diet including fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seed on feed consumption and milk performance were examined. A total of 24 buffaloes were randomly divided into two groups (12 animals each). The diet containing ground fenugreek seed (GFS) improved total dry matter (13.17-14.00 kg day −1 ) (P < 0.05) and daily concentrated feed consumption (2.90-3.81 kg day −1 ) (P < 0.01) and significantly increased milk production (7.34-8.01 kg day −1 ) (P < 0.01) in Anatolian water buffaloes (AWBs). In future work, the use of other herbs in AWB may be investigated.

No abstract

The research was carried out to determine the effects of cumin seeds in food diets of Anatolian water buffaloes (AWB) in shelter about gas concentration, milk yield and composition. The animal material of the experiment was conducted with 27 buffaloes at Karaoglan Village located in Mustafakemalpasa, Bursa. Three different buffalo shelters (E1, E2 and E3) and three different diets (S1; S2; and S3) (0, 10 and 30 g grounding cumin seeds (GCS) kg-1) in 3x3 a replicated Latin square design was used with nine replicates of one buffalo each. Periods lasted 21 days, in which the first two weeks were preliminary for adaptation and data for statistical analysis collected in week 3. In conclusion, It has been determined that 30 g cumin supplementation to AWB diets (S3; one kg of diet) significantly increased total dry matter intake and milk yield of AWB (P<0:01). Meanwhile; there were no significant effects of diets containing cuminun seeds in milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and shelter about gas concentrations (CH4, NH3 and CO2).

Buffaloes have a strong population of rumen microorganisms that can utilize different feeds. Other features that make this animal unique are its compatibility with nature, its ability to withstand difficulties, and the nutrient richness of animal products. Today, the emergence of residues such as animal origin diseases, pesticides and antibiotics in animal food products has led organic products to be preferred more by consumers. Due to the increase in consumption demand of natural products, the share of buffalo products in the world market is gradually increasing. Focusing on the use of natural additives in buffalo feeding is important for the diversity of healthy products. Examples of natural additives are cumin and fenugreek seeds. In addition to being natural products, these seeds are reported to have versatile functions in the animal body. The purpose of this chapter is to show how to use aromatic seeds as feed additives in the feeding of Anatolian water buffaloes. The chapter also includes various articles on the use of aromatic seeds in buffalo rations in international fields. This review focuses on the current research relating to the use of aromatic seeds as feed additives to improve the production of Anatolian water buffaloes. Based on the scientific results presented in this chapter, authors drew the following main conclusions: (1) The use of aromatic seeds as feed additives of Anatolian water buffaloes feeding enabled in enhancing milk production, without changing the taste and chemical composition of the milk. (2) Milk production can be improved up to 0.67 kg and 0.85 kg day-1 by adding 50 g Fenugreek seeds and 30 g Cumin seeds to the ration of buffaloes in the early lactation period. (3) The use of aromatic seeds in the feeding of water buffaloes has been proven therefore, their use in the buffalo sector should be encouraged.

Mandalar [Bubalus bubalis (Linnaeus, 1758)] tropikal kökenli olmasına rağmen, iklimsel farklılıklara karşı oldukça hassastır. Sıcaklık stresinin mandalar üzerinde olumsuz etkilerini azaltmak amacıyla alınabilecek idari tedbirler vardır. Bu amaçla manda çiftliklerinde gölgelik alanlar, fanlar, duş sistemleri, doğal ve yapay havuzlar oluşturulabilir. Sıcak havalarda mandalara yapay havuzlar ya da gölgelik alanlar oluşturularak vücutta meydana gelebilecek ısı artışı engellenir. Diğer yandan besleme kapsamında rasyonda yapılacak değişikliklerle (yemleme sistemi, rasyonda düşük ısı değerine sahip yemlerin secimi ve katkı maddelerin tercih edilmesi) yem tüketimindeki düşme engellenmekte ve böylece hayvanın performansı olumlu yönde etkilemektedir. Bu derlemede olumsuz çevre koşullarından dolayı oluşabilecek manda kayıpların önüne geçebilmek, hayvanların yaşamlarını sürdürebilmesi ve nitelikli ürünler verebilmesi için idari ve beslemenin önemi anlatılmaya çalışılmıştır.

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This study was carried out to determine the effects of hand and machine milking on milk performance in buffaloes. Twenty-four adult Anatolian water buffaloes (AWB), the age of about (5 and 6 years) old at stage 35 to 37 days of lactation were randomly divided into two similar groups, 12 AWB in each group. As a result of the investigation, it was determined that the machine milking group (2) significantly improved silage dry matter (DM), alfalfa DM and the total DM consumption of the buffalo compared to the handle milking group (1) (P<0.05), (P<0.05) and (P<0.01) While, a significant increase (P<0.01) was observed in the values of milk yield in the buffalo group (2) conducted machine milking compared to that Control group (1) (7.12 to 8.23 kg day-1). Another finding of the study was that the application of a pressure of 45 kPa increased the SCC compared to the handle milking group (1) (45.2-68.8x10 log mL-134.30%) (P<0.05). It was determined that regression equation between total DM and milk yield in machine milking was Y = -21.89+4.29 T**, regression coefficient was R2 = 0.868 and correlation coefficient was r = 0.932 (P<0.001). As a result of the research, the use of machine milking in buffalo enterprises can be recommended both in terms of increasing milk yield and facilitating work.

This research was carried out at two farms located in the Karacabey region of Turkey: an extensive goat farm (A) and a semiintensive goat farm (B). A total of 32 Saanen goats (3 years old) at an early stage of their second lactation were selected from Farm A and Farm B. The total DM intake (TDM) values were 1.89 and 1.86 (kg d -1 ) for goats housed on the A and B farms, respectively. Compared with Farm A, Farm B produced more milk each day (P<0.05; 1.38 -. 1.76 kg day -1 ). The milk samples taken from Farm A had a higher (P<0.05) milk fat content than the samples from Farm B (milk fat=4.40 and 1.89 %, respectively). The serum creatinine values were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the blood of goats from farm A compared with farm B (1.11 and 0.56 mg dl-1, respectively). Comparison of glucose levels from both farms showed a significantly higher level of glucose in the blood samples from goats at Farm B (P<0.05;. Serum parameters for cholesterol, GGT and urea were not affected by the feeding system (P > 0.05). Contribution/ OriginalityThis study is one of very few studies which have investigated the milk composition, bacteriology and selected blood parameters of dairy goats under different feeding systems.