Introduction and objective In this study, we evaluated the influence of the transcript type on hematological and clinical parameters, as well as the event-free survival of 50 patients in the Chronic myeloid leukemia chronic phase. Methods We reviewed the medical records of 55 patients with Chronic myeloid leukemia. The eligibility criteria were based on the availability of hematological and clinical baseline data in the medical records. Data on BCR-ABL transcripts were obtained from medical records. Results Eighteen patients (36%) had the b2a2 transcript, 24 (48%) had b3a2 and 8 (16%) had b2a2/b3a2 . The median platelet count for transcripts b2a2 , b3a2 and b2a2/b3a2 was 320.65 × 10 3 /L, 396 × 10 3 /L, and 327.05 × 10 3 /L, respectively ( p = 0.896). We could not find any differences in relation to the other hematological parameters, when compared to the transcript type. Comparison between spleen and liver size and type of transcript did not differ inside the groups ( p = 0.395 and p = 0.647, respectively) and the association between risk scores and transcript type did not show statistical significance ( p > 0.05). The 21-month probability for event-free survival was 21%, 48% and 66% for the transcripts b2a2 , b3a2 and b2a2/b3a2 respectively ( p = 0.226) Conclusion We conclude that the expression BCR-ABL transcripts have no influence on hematological, clinical and event-free survival parameters of patients in the Chronic myeloid leukemia chronic phase.

Objective: Although hypothyroidism has been linked to oxidative stress, data regarding the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and oxidative stress is still inconsistent. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of levothyroxine replacement on oxidative stress in women with primary hypothyroidism.Design: A total of 25 female patients with primary hypothyroidism were included. Oxidative stress markers were measured before and after levothyroxine replacement treatment in all patients.Methods: Oxidative stress was evaluated through the measurement of oxidants (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS] and nitrite/nitrate levels), and antioxidants (superoxide dismutase and catalase activity).Results: Antioxidant catalase activity (63.77 ± 23.8 vs. 50.12 ±12.75 atv/min; p = 0.03) was significantly increased and the levels of TBARS (3.02 ± 0.86 vs. 3.55 ± 0.87 μM; p = 0.03) were significantly decreased in the state of euthyroidism after levothyroxine replacement compared to the hypothyroidism before levothyroxine treatment. No significant change in neither nitrite/nitrate concentration (p = 0.18) nor in superoxide dismutase activity (p = 0.93) after L-T4 adjustment was found.Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that levothyroxine replacement improved oxidative status in patients with primary hypothyroidism, indexed by the significantly decreased levels of malonaldehyde (MDA) and increased catalase (CAT) activity.

The aim of the study was to investigate the association between oxidative stress and DNA damage with grafting time in patients submitted to autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). The study included 37 patients submitted to autologous HSCT diagnosed with Multiple Myeloma (MM) and lymphoma (Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s). Biomarkers of oxidative stress and DNA damage index (DI) were performed at baseline (pre-CR) of the disease and during the conditioning regimen (CR), one day after the HSCT, ten days after HSCT and twenty days after HSCT, as well as in the control group consisting of 30 healthy individuals. The outcomes showed that both groups of patients had an hyperoxidative state with high DI when compared to baseline and to the control group and that the CR exacerbated this condition. However, after the follow-up period of the study, this picture was re-established to the baseline levels of each pathology. The study patients with MM showed a mean grafting time of 10.75 days (8 to 13 days), with 10.15 days (8 to 15 days) for the lymphoma patients. In patients with MM, there was a negative correlation between the grafting time and the basal levels of GPx (r = -0.54; p = 0.034), indicating that lower levels of this important enzyme are associated with a longer grafting time. For the DI, the correlation was a positive one (r = 0.529; p = 0.030). In the group with lymphoma, it was observed that the basal levels of NOx were positively correlated with grafting time (r = 0.4664, p = 0.032). The data indicate the potential of these biomarkers as predictors of toxicity and grafting time in patients with MM and Lymphomas submitted to autologous HSCT.

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Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a hereditary hematological disease that is characterized by a point mutation in the beta globin S gene and has no specific treatment; hydroxyurea (HU) is the only therapeutic agent used in clinical practice. In the present study, we evaluated the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage index (DI) and chromosomal damage in leukocytes of adult patients with SCA with and without HU. The DI was assessed by the comet assay and chromosomal damage by the leukocyte micronucleus test of adult patients treated with HU (SCA‐HU) and without the use of HU (SCA‐NoHU). This is a cross‐sectional study with 77 patients with SCA who attended a referral hospital in Fortaleza, Brazil. The control group (CG) consisted of 58 reportedly healthy individuals. The comparisons of means were performed by analysis of variance and Tukey's post‐test. Values of P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. SCA‐NoHU patients had statistically higher DI values and a statistically significantly higher frequency of micronuclei compared to the CG. In addition, HU treatment accentuated DNA lesions by significantly increasing both parameters in treated patients (SCA‐HU). HU potentiates DNA damage and the occurrence of chromosomal damage, which may promote genomic instability, mutation occurrence, and carcinogenesis. Studies are needed to evaluate the involved pathways, repair mechanisms, and the clinical impact that such damage can cause. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 60:302–304, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Linha de pesquisa: Farmácia cínica e vigilância sanitáriaIntrodução: A leucemia mieloide crônica (LMC) origina-se a partir de um distúrbio clonal onde ocorre expansão clonal maciça das células da linhagem mieloide. A doença progride através de fases distintas: crônica, acelerada e blástica, onde o clone leucêmico vai perdendo progressivamente a capacidade de diferenciação. A anormalidade genética característica da LMC, o cromossomo Filadélfia (Ph), resulta de uma translocação recíproca entre os braços longos dos cromossomas 9 e 22, gerando uma oncoproteína BCR-ABL com atividade tirosina quinase ativada constitutivamente. Atualmente, o tratamento de escolha para pacientes na fase crônica da doença é o inibidor de tirosina quinase (ITK) mesilato de imatinibe. O imatinibe normaliza os mecanismos de regulação da proliferação celular, diminuindo a atividade mitogênica e induzindo direta ou indiretamente a morte da célula progenitora leucêmica por apoptose. Apesar do impacto gerado pelo tratamento com o imatinibe na LMC promovendo uma melhora na sobrevida dos pacientes, as evidências apontam que a leucemia residual pode persistir mesmo nos melhores respondedores e que as terapias dirigidas à TK BCR-ABL não são curativas, uma vez que não conseguem erradicar as CTH, assim, esses pacientes são expostos a um longo período de terapia medicamentosa. Nesse contexto e com base em resultados preliminares encontrados por nosso grupo, em que os ITK apresentaram potencial dano ao DNA, além de serem passíveis de levar a alterações cromossômicas, podendo contribuir para uma evolução da LMC, nos propomos a avaliar a expressão de genes relacionados ao reparo de danos em fita dupla no DNA dos pacientes com LMC e a influência do uso crônico do imatinibe sobre a expressão desses genes. Os resultados contribuirão para um melhor entendimento sobre a evolução, bem como para o monitoramento terapêutico da doença. Objetivos: Avaliar a expressão de genes relacionados às vias de reparo de danos em fita dupla no DNA em pacientes com leucemia mieloide crônica com e sem uso de imatinibe e associar com os parâmetros clínicos laboratoriais e scores de risco (Sokal, Hasford e EUTOS). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 80 pacientes com diagnóstico clínico e molecular de LMC, sendo 50 pacientes em tratamento com imatinibe (400 mg/dia) e 30 pacientes sem uso do imatinibe (ao diagnóstico). Os mesmos serão selecionados aleatoriamente, correspondendo a 50% dos pacientes atendidos no Serviço. O grupo controle será composto de 50 indivíduos saudáveis. Os pacientes serão provenientes do ambulatório do Serviço de Hematologia do Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio. As coletas sanguíneas serão realizadas no período de junho de 2017 a dezembro de 2018, onde será colhido 1 tubo de 4 mL de sangue periférico contendo EDTA como anticoagulante para avaliação da expressão dos genes ATM, BRCA1, RAD 51, XRCC5, XRCC6 e LIG4, por meio de reação em cadeia da polimerase quantitativa em tempo real (qPCR). Os dados clínicos e laboratoriais, bem como as informaçõ...

ABSTRACT. Candida albicans is the main yeast isolated from vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC) and a major antifungal used to treat VVC is miconazole (MZ), it shows local toxic effects, such as irritation and burns. The lidocaine (LD) is a local anesthetic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the synergistic activity of LD/MZ against 19 strains of C. albicans isolated from vaginal secretion. 78.9% of the strains were susceptible to the combination LD/MZ, demonstrating synergism of drugs. These drugs can be used to produce vaginal creams to treat VVC, especially drug resistant.Keywords: vulvovaginal candidiasis, antifungal agents, local anesthetic.Atividade sinérgica in vitro de lidocaína e miconazole contra Candida albicans RESUMO. Candida albicans é a principal levedura isolada de candidíase vulvovaginal (CVV) e o principal antifúngico usado para tratar a VVC é miconazol (MZ), que apresenta efeitos tóxicos locais, tais como irritação e queimaduras. A lidocaína (LD) é um anestésico local. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade sinérgica de LD/MZ contra 19 cepas de C. albicans isoladas de secreção vaginal. Foram suscetíveis à combinação LD/MZ, 78.9% das cepas testadas, demonstrando sinergismo de drogas. Estes fármacos podem ser utilizados para a produção de cremes vaginais para tratar VVC, especialmente aquelas resistentes aos fármacos disponíveis.Palavras-chave: candidíase vulvovaginal, agentes antifúngicos, anestésico local.