Religion has been considered as an outline for the sense of meaning and purpose. This research explores the effect of secondary school students religiosity & Spirituality on their future orientation in Punjab. This research seeks an answer to the contribution of students religious affiliation (fellowship with Islam, Christianity or Hinduism) and religiosity (Faith-based Coping (FBC) and Religious Social Support (RSS)) and FO. A total of 296 Muslims, 290 Christians, and 278 Hindu students participated in this research. Religiosity and Spirituality scale for Youth (RaSSY) developed by Brittany (2011) was adopted, while Future Orientation Scale (FOS) for measuring Future Vision towards Subject Choice and Future Vision towards Profession Choice was developed by researchers. The research concludes that students religiosity has a significant impact on their future orientation (FO). The religiosity moderately explains variances in FO of Muslims and Christians; however, it has a high impact on Hindu students in Punjab
In the present era, education has emerged as a countrywide mission in developed and developing countries. Countries are utilizing their energies to deal with the transformations forthcoming in higher education. The research under investigation, reviews the global developments in the area of higher education (HE) all over the world and surveys the expected facets of HE in Pakistan. The researcher adopted qualitative approach and collected data through open form questionnaire from faculty members, PhD students, University Administrative Officers and professionals (Educationists/Educational Consultants). The study identifies 26 main global trends and 10 sub-trends of higher education in global perspective. Nvivo 9.2 was used for thematic analysis of transcriptions. Different techniques of Nvivo, metrics coding queries, word frequency and text search were used to explain the reflections of participants. The result of the study revealed that quality assurance and accountability, economic competition, international student mobility and advancement in technology appeared as favourite developments in Pakistan. The study results are productive pointers for university teachers, students, HE administration and educational professionals for future improvements in HE in Pakistan.Higher Education for the Future 2(2) [175][176][177][178][179][180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193] Pakistan is a sovereign Islamic state of South Asia, covering an area of 796,095 km 2 and stands at the sixth position in the world with a population of more than 180 million. The country's economy has well-integrated agriculture sector with semiindustrialization. Pakistan consists of four provinces: Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa and Balouchistan as well as federal capital of Islamabad and in the northwest, federally administered tribal areas. The self-governance ordinance 2009 provides empowerment to Gilgit-Baltistan and gave it a province like status.In Pakistan the quality of education especially at higher level has a declining trend. The literacy rate of the country is 58.5 per cent of the population above 10 years of age. Male literacy rate is 70.2 per cent and literacy rate among females is 46.3 per cent. The education system is based on six levels, pre-primary, primary (1-5 years), elementary (6-8 years), secondary or matriculation (9-10 years), intermediate or higher secondary (11-12 years) and university education leading to graduate and post-graduate degrees. Through the different initiatives and different policies and programmes, the government is very hopeful of acquiring the literacy rate of 86 per cent by the year 2015.
The) current) study) examines) the) Elementary) School) Teachers') (ESTs)) instructional) competence)through)standardized)rubrics)developed)under)guidance)of)Government)of) Pakistan) and) UNESCO.) The) main) purpose) of) this) research) was) to) explore) the) current) position) of) competencies) of) ESTs,) to) evaluate) the) various) competencies) of) ESTs) described)in)the)National)Professional)Standards)for)teachers)in)Pakistan)and)advocate) certain)measures)to)improve)the)competencies)and)evaluation)mechanism)of)ESTs.)The) population) of) the) study) comprised) of) male) and) female) ESTs) working) in) government) schools) located) in) urban) and) rural) areas) of) district) Lodhran,) Punjab) Pakistan.) To) conduct)the)observational)survey)225)ESTs)were)selected)randomly.)An)observational) checklist) was) made) on) recommended) grounds) of) teacher) accreditation) by) Policy) and) Planning) wing) of) Ministry) of) Education,) Pakistan) and) UNESCO.) The) Statistical) Package) for) Social) Sciences) (SPSS) version) 19)) was) utilized) to) analyze) the) collected) data.) A) number) of) descriptive) statistics) including) Chi) Square,) mean) and) percentage) were) calculated.)The)study)concludes)that)most)of)ESTs)were)found)week)in)various)teaching) competencies.))
The present study investigates the causative factors of child labour in selected districts of South Punjab, Pakistan. As member of the International Labour Organization (ILO) Pakistan has a responsibility to stamp out child labour from its regions. Our sample was selected from seven working environments (workshops, hotels, tea stalls, households, etc.) through purposive sampling. The data were collected via a questionnaire which was completed by a sample of 547 working children. The fi ndings of the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) explored four factors from the research. Multilevel analyses were calculated to pinpoint the causative factors of child labour. The study results revealed that, due to family responsibilities, a lack of educational opportunities for children from low-income families, and increasing poverty, children develop an interest in working to earn their livelihood at the cost of their education. The children are involved in labour because their parents cannot meet their personal and educational requirements.
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