Abstract. Eddy S, Ridho MR, Iskandar I, Mulyana A. 2019. Species composition and structure of degraded mangrove vegetation in the Air Telang Protected Forest, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2119-2127. Air Telang Protected Forest (ATPF) is one of the protected forests in the coastal area of South Sumatra, Indonesia which is around 12,660.9 hectares. This area is strategic because it borders directly with the Bangka Strait and adjacent to Sembilang National Park making it easy to access by the community. Various anthropogenic activities in the region such as residential, farming, agriculture, aquaculture, port and timber harvesting have led to degradation and loss of primary mangrove forest. This study aims to analyze the species composition and community structure of mangrove vegetation in the ATPF. The data were collected through observations at several point-centered samplings which were used to analyze the species composition and community structure of the vegetation and the physicochemical conditions of the environment. The species composition of this area consists of 20 species belonging to 14 families. The dominant species of tree, sapling and seedling stages are Nypa fruticans, Rhizophora apiculata and Acrostichum aureum, respectively. Overall species diversity index in this region is classified as very low, ranging from 0.00 to 0.73. Cluster analysis showed three types of vegetation structures in this region, namely Cyperus-Acrostichum type (shrub vegetation), Acrostichum-Rhizophora type (secondary forests) and Nypa-Avicennia (primary forests).

The Air Telang Protected Forest (ATPF) is one of the most dynamic and essential coastal forest landscapes in South Sumatra, Indonesia, because of its location between multiple river outlets, including the Musi catchment—Sumatra’s largest and most dense lowland catchment area. While most ATPF areas are covered by mangroves, these areas have been experiencing severe anthropogenic-driven degradation and conversion. This study aims to evaluate land cover changes and associated carbon emissions in the ATPF over a 35-year period (1985–2020) by utilizing the available Landsat and Sentinel imagery from 1985, 2000, and 2020. Throughout the analysis period, we observed 63% (from 10,886 to 4059 ha) primary and secondary forest loss due to land use change. We identified three primary anthropogenic activities driving these losses, namely, land clearing for plantations and agriculture (3693 ha), coconut plantations (3315 ha), aquaculture (245 ha). We estimated that the largest carbon emissions were caused by coconut plantation conversion, with total carbon emissions of approximately 14.14 Mt CO2-eq. These amounts were almost 4 and 21 times higher than emissions from land clearing and aquaculture, respectively, as substantial soil carbon loss occurs once mangroves get transformed into coconut plantations. While coconut plantation expansion on mangroves could generate significant carbon stock losses and cleared forests become the primary candidate for restoration, our dataset could be useful for future land-based emission reduction policy intervention at a subnational level. Ultimately, our findings have direct implications for current national climate policies, through low carbon development strategies and emission reductions from the land use sector for 2030, as outlined in the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

The mangrove forests are a type of salt tolerant vegetation, living in tidal zones in tropical and subtropical coastal areas with unique ecosystem that have a strategic function as a connector and counterweight of terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Mangrove forests are a productive ecosystem and they have complex functions, such as physical functions, biological functions and socio-economic functions. Fishery resources of mangrove forests are very productive, both quantitatively and qualitatively, because the mangrove forests act as the natural habitat (spawning, nursery and feeding grounds) for various species of fish, shrimps and crabs, as well as a source of germplasm and genetic pool. Mangrove forests also provide valuable ecosystem services to coastal communities, tourist attractions, nature conservation, education and research. However, these ecosystems are fragile because it is very sensitive to environmental changes, usually because anthropogenic influences; therefore, it is difficult to be restored. In addition, these ecosystems are so openly accessible that easily exploited by humans; this can reduce its quality and quantity. Local communities who use mangrove forests and their resources may have considerable botanical and ecological knowledge about their forests. Silvofishery techniques in aquaculture are very suitable for community-based mangrove forests conservation efforts. Silvofishery is an integrated model that considers both economically benefit and conservation.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menyajikan mengenai implementasi manajemen sumber daya manusia melalui indikator perencanaan, rekrutmen, seleksi, orientasi dan penempatan, pelatihan dan pengembangan, dan penilaian kinerja di SMK Negeri 1 Lais serta hambatan-hambatan dalam implementasi manajemen sumber daya manusia di SMK Negeri 1 Lais Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, maka diketahui bahwa implementasi manajemen sumber daya manusia di SMK Negeri 1 Lais telah terlaksana dengan baik, ditandai dengan adanya penyusunan perencanaan sumber daya manusia, perekrutan sumber daya manusia yang profesionalisme dan transparan, pelaksanaan seleksi sumber daya manusia yang cukup profesional, pelaksanaan orientasi dan penempatan kerja yang memperhatikan kebutuhan sekolah dan kompetensi guru/karyawan, pelaksanaan pelatihan dan pengembangan yang terencana, dan penilaian kinerja. Walaupun dari segi seleksi, orientasi dan penempatan belum terlaksana dengan baik. Faktor penghambat implementasi manajemen sumber daya manusia yaitu: kurangnya kesejahteraan guru dan pegawai honorer, kurangnya kejelasan karier, dan penjaminan mutu

This study determined whether there is an effect of principal leadership and teacher competence on teacher’s performance at SMP Negeri 1 Sungai Lilin, either partially or simultaneously. The population of this research is 40 teachers. The technique of collecting data using a questionnaire, with data analysis using multiple linear regression of SPSS 25. The results obtained in this study 1) there is no influence of principal leadership on teacher’s performance; 2) there is an effect of teacher’s competence on teacher’s performance; and 3) simultaneously there is an effect of principal leadership and teacher’s competence on teacher’s performance. This paper contributes to improve teacher’s performance through principal leadership and teacher’s competence.

Ekosistem hutan mangrove merupakan salah satu ekosistem paling produktif dan unik yang berfungsi melindungi daerah pesisir dari berbagai gangguan, serta menyediakan habitat bagi berbagai spesies hewan. Hutan mangrove tidak saja berfungsi secara fisik, kimia dan biologis untuk menjaga keseimbangan ekosistemnya, tapi juga memiliki fungsi sosial, ekonomi dan budaya bagi masyarakat pesisir yang mendiaminya. Sebagai salah satu ekosistem yang paling produktif, hutan mangrove tidak terlepas dari pemanfaatan untuk kepentingan manusia. Laju pemanfaatan hutan mangrove akibat aktivitas antropogenik semakin meningkat yang menyebabkan degradasi berkepanjangan. Indonesia memiliki hutan mangrove terluas di dunia, dimana luasnya lebih dari 50% luas hutan mangrove Asia dan hampir 25% dari luas hutan mangrove dunia. Namun laju degradasi dan hilangnya hutan mangrove di Indonesia tergolong tinggi dimana pada 2 sampai 3 dekade ini hampir 50% dari total hutan mangrove di Indonesia telah hilang. Aktivitas antropogenik penyebab hilangnya hutan mangrove Indonesia antara lain adalah perikanan, perkebunan, pertanian, logging, industri, pemukiman, tambak garam dan pertambangan.

Eddy S, Iskandar I, Ridho MR, Mulyana A. 2017. Land cover changes in the Air Telang Protected Forest, South Sumatra, Indonesia (1989-2013). Biodiversitas 18: 1538-1545. The Air Telang Protected Forest (ATPF) is a mangrove forest in the Banyuasin District, South Sumatra, Indonesia. It has an area of about 12,660.87 ha. In fact, that the ATPF area has been converted into aquacultures, plantations, agricultural lands, settlements and ports during recent decades. The objective of this study is to identify the land cover changes in the ATPF from 1989 through 2013 using satellite remote sensing data. Three Landsat satellite imageries for 1989, 2001 and 2013 have been used to build maps and to predict the land cover changes in the study area. A ground-truthing verification was done to increase the accuracy of image classification in each region. The results showed that the anthropogenic forcing had caused significant degradation of primary mangrove forest in the ATPF from 1989 to 2013. This forcing was categorized as mangrove conversion into coconut plantations, oil palm plantations, aquacultures, farms, ports, and settlements. Of these six conversions, the coconut plantations, oil palm plantations and aquacultures have potential tendencies to increase construction that could threaten the existence of mangrove forest in ATPF. It was found that during 2013, the coconut plantations, oil palm plantations, and aquacultures accounted for about 18.0% (2,278.62 ha), 4.7% (591.87 ha) and 3.1% (386.18 ha) of mangrove forest changes, respectively.

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh budaya sekolah dan Diklat terhadap kinerja guru sekolah dasar. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepda responden. Hasil angket dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda melalui uji t, uji F, dan koefisien determinasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru SD Negeri di Kecamatan Sungai Lilin yang berjumlah 74 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian adalah 44 orang guru PNS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) ada pengaruh yang signifikan budaya sekolah terhadap kinerja guru di SD Negeri Kecamatan Sungai Lilin; 2) ada pengaruh yang signifikan diklat terhadap kinerja guru di SD Negeri Kecamatan Sungai Lilin; 3) ada pengaruh yang signifikan budaya sekolah dan diklat secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja guru di SD Negeri Kecamatan Sungai Lilin.