The quantitative and qualitative differences of the proliferative activity and the p53 protein expression in sporadic KCOT may be associated with intrinsic growth potential that could play a role in its development and explain locally aggressive biological behaviour. AgNOR count and p53 protein detection in odontogenic lesions can be of great consequence to predict the biological behaviour and prognosis.

The OSCC-OSMF was found to be a clinicopathologically distinct entity with a better grade of tumor differentiation, less incidence of nodal metastases, and early detection (early clinical TNM stage) compared to OSCC. All these factors probably contribute to a better prognosis and increased 3-year disease-free survival in OSCC-OSMF patients.

The result suggests that CD105 (endoglin) is strongly expressed in microvessels of KCOT compared with that in Dentigerous cyst and Normal oral mucosa. Thus, it suggests that angiogenesis may be associated with locally aggressive biological behavior of KCOT. These findings further stress on the hypothesis that the stroma of KCOT could be regarded not just as a structural support of the cyst wall, but as playing a part in the neoplastic behavior of cyst.

The aim was to evaluate and compare the presence of myofibroblasts in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), verrucous carcinoma (VC), high-risk epithelial dysplasia (HRED), low-risk epithelial dysplasia (LRED), and normal oral mucosa (NOM). The study consisted of 37 OSCC, 15 VC, 15 HRED, 15 LRED and 15 NOM. a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) antibody was used to identify myofibroblasts. The a-SMA expression was not observed in NOM and LRED. The a-SMA was expressed in 97.29% of OSCC, 86.66% of VC, 46.66 % of HRED. The a-SMA expression was significantly higher in OSCC than VC (p = 0.023) and HRED (p \ 0.000). The a-SMA expression was significantly higher in VC than HRED (p = 0.043). Myofibroblastic expression, as highlighted by a-SMA, is undetectable in NOM and LRED but increases as the disease progresses from potentially malignant disorders, as HRED to VC to invasive OSCC. Thus, proliferation of myofibroblasts may be used as a stromal marker of oral premalignancy and malignancy.

Chewing tobacco/betel quid is a strong risk factor in the development of PMD and oral cancer. Also age, gender, SES, education, and occupation influence the development of PMD and oral cancer.

No abstract

Objective:The aim of this study was to examine if there are qualitative differences in the appearance of external root resorption patterns of primary teeth undergoing physiologic resorption and permanent teeth undergoing pathological root resorption in different conditions.Material and Methods:A total of 40 teeth undergoing external root resorption in different conditions were divided into 4 groups and prepared for examination under scanning electron microscopy at magnifications ranging from 20x to 1000x. Group I: 10 primary molars exfoliated due to physiologic root resorption; Group II: 10 permanent teeth with periapical granulomas showing signs of resorption; Group III:10 permanent teeth therapeutically extracted during the course of orthodontic therapy with evidence of resorption, and Group IV: 10 permanent teeth associated with odontogenic tumors that showed evidence of resorption.Results:In Group I, the primary teeth undergoing resorption showed smooth extensive and predominantly regular areas reflecting the slow ongoing physiologic process. In Group II, the teeth with periapical granulomas showed the resorption was localized to apex with a funnel shaped appearance in most cases. Teeth in Group III, which had been subjected to a short period of light orthodontic force, showed the presence of numerous resorption craters with adjoining areas of cemental repair in some cases. Teeth associated with odontogenic tumors in Group IV showed many variations in the patterns of resorption with extensive loss of root length and a sharp cut appearance of the root in most cases.Conclusion:Differences were observed in the patterns of external root resorption among the studied groups of primary and permanent teeth under physiologic and pathological conditions.

polymeric elastomers are promising materials for the flexible and wearable applications. These conducting elastomers possess an acquiescent nature with human skin that undergoes mechanical deformation while performing physical actions such as stretching, bending, twiddling, and folding. [4,5] The sensitivity over such mechanical strain has been measured by the performance metric like gauge factor (GF) and calculated by measuring the change in resistance (δR) to the external strain (δε). Achieving the high-performing, flexible, and wearable strain sensors by silicon and metal-based systems are ambiguous due to its low GF. [6] It leads to the use of polymeric elastomers to fabricate strain sensors that can mount directly on human skin to sense signals corresponding to human bodily motions. In line with this, numerous materials and methodologies have been reported in developing high-performing strain sensors. The library of conducting filler materials like carbon black, [7,8] CNTs, [9,10] nanoparticles, [11] nanotubes, [12,13] graphene, [14-17] conducting polymers, [18] and hydrogels [19-21] has been used to fabricate strain sensors. Also, the fabrication methods like photolithography, [22] screen printing, [23] inkjet printing, [24,25] and spray coating [26] are employed to develop strain sensors. Though these strain sensors have demonstrated superior performance than that of metal and silicon-based strain gauges, the extension of lab-scale technology to the commercial use is hitherto unrealized due to the complicated pre-treatments, instability, and inadequate sensitivity. More importantly, the realization of a highly conductive and stretchable platform to transduce both the low-and high-strain functions of the human body remains challenging. It means the sensor component must be highly sensitive to detect the subtle involuntary functions such as heartbeat, breathing, and voice recognition that produce ultra-low strains. Contrastingly, the same sensor components should work under high-strain voluntary functions of the human body. To detect these arrays of functions, developing the ideal material/component with a high and broad range of gauge factor (GF) is essential. In general, The wearable strain sensors with multifunctional applications can fuel the rapid development of human-machine intelligence for various sectors like healthcare, soft robotics, and Internet of Things applications. However, achieving the low-cost and mass production of wearable sensors with ultrahigh performance remains challenging. Herein, a simple, cost-effective, and scalable methodology to fabricate the flexible and highly sensitive strain sensors using carbon black and latex rubbers (LR) is presented. The LR-based strain sensor demonstrates excellent flexibility, fast response (≈600 ms), ultra-high sensitivity (maximum gauge factor of 1.2 × 10 4 at 250% strain), and long-term stability over 1000 cycles. The LR-based strain sensors are sensitive to monitor subtle human motions such as heart pulse rate and voice recognition along with high...