Objectives:To assess the antimicrobial effectiveness of multipurpose solutions in regard to the disinfection of silicone hydrogel contact lenses (CL) using a study of clinical bacterial isolates from ocular material.Methods:Three multipurpose solutions (solution A: polyhexamethylene biguanide 0.00025 g/100 mL; solution B: polyquaternary-1 0.001% and myristamidopropyl dimethylamine 0.0006%; and solution C: polyaminopropyl biguanide 0.00013% and polyquaternary 0.0001%) were used as a 3-phase disinfection on silicone hydrogel CL contaminated with bacteria from clinical isolates that were divided into five groups (group 1: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; group 2: Staphylococcus aureus; group 3: Staphylococcus epidermidis; group 4: Streptococcus spp; and group 5: enterobacteria).Results:No differences were observed between the 24- and 48-hr measurements in any of the samples, and the positivity of microorganisms in T0 was 100% for all solutions; it was 0% in T3. Therefore, only steps T1 (rubbing followed by rinsing) and T2 (rubbing followed by rinsing and immersion of CL into solution) were considered for analysis at the 24-hr measurement time. Throughout the phases, a decrease in the number of bacteria was observed, culminating in the elimination (no recovery) of all microorganisms in the three solutions.Conclusions:At the end of the proposed process, the tested solutions were effective.
Objective: Guidelines recommend that the cleaning area in a Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD) maintain a negative pressure of the environmental air, but how much this system can impact the contamination of the air by bioaerosols in the area is not known. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of negative pressure on CSSD by evaluating the microbiological air quality of this sector. Methods: Microbiological air samples were collected in two CSSD in the same hospital: one with and one without a negative air pressure system. Outdoor air samples were collected as a comparative control. Andersen six-stage air sampler was used to obtain the microbiological air samples. Results: The concentration of bioaerosols in the CSSD without negative pressure was 273.15 and 206.71 CFU/m 3 , while in the CSSD with negative pressure the concentration of bioaerosols was 116.96 CFU/m 3 and 131.10 CFU/m 3 . The number of isolated colonies in the negative pressure CSSD was significantly lower (P = .01541).
Conclusion:The findings showed that the negative pressure system in the CSSD cleaning area contributed to the quantitative reduction in bioaerosols. However, the concentration of bioaerosols was lower than that established in the guideline for indoor air quality of many countries. Therefore, it cannot be concluded that CSSDs which do not have a negative pressure system in their cleaning area offer occupational risk.
From July 2009 to July 2015, Staphylococcus aureus isolated from pediatric sterile sites were selected. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect mecA and lukS-PV/lukF-PV genes. The rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 37.7%. Ten isolates had the lukS-PV/lukF-PV genes, 2 of which were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Skin and soft tissues infections were significantly associated with lukS-PV/lukF-PV positive isolates, P = 0.008.
RESUMO Introdução: a colelitíase é uma doença do sistema digestivo de alta prevalência no mundo. No Brasil, trata-se de uma condição rotineira, cujos estudos sugerem uma prevalência em torno de 10% dos adultos. A colonização de patógenos da bile e do cálculo biliar pode ocorrer quando há estase e proliferação bacteriana. Esta proliferação é facilitada pela capacidade de adesão e de formação de biofilme de algumas bactérias. Também há processos litogênicos que envolvem a participação bacteriana. Estudos evidenciaram mudanças na microbiota da vesícula biliar de pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia, o que pode impactar no tratamento empírico com antibióticos. Metodologia: Realizou-se análises microbiológicas do fluido de sonicação dos cálculos biliares e de duas amostras com bile. A identificação e o teste de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos foram realizados de acordo com uma rotina padrão. Resultados: Nos 34 pacientes, 76,4% deles foram do sexo feminino. A faixa etária foi de 48 anos +/- 16,61. A colecistite aguda ocorreu em 50% dos casos. A bactobilia foi evidenciada em 32,1% dos casos. Notou-se Klebisiella pneumoniae como o patógeno mais prevalente em quadros de colecistite aguda; e Enterobacter sp, nos casos de colelitíase não complicada. Obteve-se maior sensibilidade na pesquisa de microrganismos nas amostras de fluido de sonicação dos cálculos em relação às de bile (p=0,0058). Conclusão: Houve maior prevalência de bactobilia nos pacientes com colecistite aguda em relação àqueles com colelitíase não complicada. A utilização da sonicação na investigação bacteriana se mostrou superior ao método convencional e pode ser considerada.
Since antimicrobials are used to fight infectious diseases, their proper use is a major world concern.The use of more than one medicine in the treatment of infectious disease is controversial hence the association therapy is used empirically to treat severe infections when one antimicrobial alone is not sufficient to account for all possible pathogens involved in the infection. The importance of understanding the mechanisms of gentamicin and ampicillin antibiotic action, as well as their interactions has important therapeutic implications. This research aimed to verify isolated and simultaneous antimicrobial action "in vitro" of gentamicin and ampicillin on strains of Enterococcus sp. in patients with Enterococcus sp. Fifty strains of Enterococcus sp. were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of ampicillin and gentamicin, both isolated and associated, from which the fractional inhibition coefficient (FIC) was determined. A modified checkerboard method was also used for evaluating the association of the two antimicrobial agents. The results revealed that the antibiotics have a time-and dose-dependent response, and ampicillin has better results isolated than when in association. The results indicate a potential therapeutic failure in 32% of the associations in these agents. Thus, the most effective pharmaceutical care is facilitated by determining the antibiotics concentrations. Determining the MIC, MBC and FIC can be a powerful tool for guiding strategies to prevent bacterial resistance through the rational use of antibiotics, thereby averting and avoiding therapeutic failures.
Introduction: cholelithiasis is a highly prevalent disease of the digestive system in the world. In Brazil, it is a routine condition, whose studies suggest a prevalence of around 10% of adults. Colonization of bile and gallstone pathogens can occur when there is bacterial stasis and proliferation. This proliferation is facilitated by the adhesion and biofilm formation capacity of some bacteria. There are also lithogenic processes that involve bacterial participation. Studies have shown changes in the microbiota of the gallbladder of patients undergoing cholecystectomy, which may impact empirical treatment with antibiotics. Methodology: microbiological analyzes of the sonication fluid of the gallstones and of two samples with bile were performed. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed according to a standard routine. Results: of the 34 patients, 76.4% were female. The age group was 48 years +/- 16.61. Acute cholecystitis occurred in 50% of cases. Bactobilia was evidenced in 32.1% of the cases. Klebisiella pneumoniae was noted as the most prevalent pathogen in acute cholecystitis; and Enterobacter sp, in cases of uncomplicated cholelithiasis. Greater sensitivity was obtained in the search for microorganisms in the sonication fluid samples of the stones in relation to the bile samples (p=0.0058). Conclusion: there was a higher prevalence of bactobilia in patients with acute cholecystitis compared to those with uncomplicated cholelithiasis. The use of sonication in bacterial investigation proved to be superior to the conventional method and can be considered.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.