No abstract

Padar (Stereospermum personatum, family Bignoniaceae) is a well-known medicinal tree. Its complete regeneration occurred through shoot bud culture in vitro. The seeds germinated sequentially on plastic trays and polyethylene bags for 21 days served as explants source. Nodal segments from the seedlings were established on MS medium supplemented with 4.44 lM BA, in which 86.6% nodes showed shoot bud elongation. Then, nodal segments from the developed shoots were cultured on MS medium with several BA concentrations; best shoot multiplication was obtained with 0.44 lM BA. In a second experiment where PVP was added to proliferation medium, nodal segments from developed shoots produced maximum 2.78 shoots per node. The nodal segments showed shoot multiplication up to seventh subculture on. Finally, shoots were rooted on MS medium with 2.46 lM IBA. The plants transferred to net pots containing coco-peat were acclimatized in green house, where more than 80% plants survived and grew normally.

N-Cinnamoyl-L-proline can be used as a template on which beta-substituted phenylalanine and beta-phenylisoserine residues can be synthesized leading to tripeptide derivatives as structural analogues of HIV protease inhibitors.

Stereospermum suaveolens (DC.) is a multipurpose tree endowed with medicinal properties and good timber wood quality. It has analgesic and wound healing property. It is one of the important tree species used in the preparation of ayurvedic formulation known as Dashmula, in which roots of Dashmula tree species are used in preparation of ayurvedic formulations. Wood is employed for construction work, planks and beam, carts, carriages and wagons, furniture, cabinet work and tool handles. The destruction of this plant species is severe and planting of seedlings is almost negligible. Due to low germination and unsuccessful vegetative propagation, in vitro regeneration of Stereospermum suaveolens through micropropagation was studied as a tool for large scale propagation. In the present study, shoots were initiated from the nodal segments of Stereospermum suaveolens further shoot proliferation was achieved on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinins and additives.100% root initiation was achieved in the MS medium supplemented with IBA. Different substrates were evaluated during hardening phase. The plants of S. suaveolens grown on coco peat showed 84.6 percent survival and those on soil mixture showed 76.47 percent survival.

A total of 300 milk samples from buffaloes were evaluated for mastitis and incidence of E. coli. Overall, 157 milk samples (52.33%) were positive for mastitis and out of these positive isolates, 27 bacterial isolates (17.19 %) were identified as E. coli. All the 27 isolates of E. coli were tested for in vitro sensitivity towards 15 antibacterial drugs. The highest resistance was attributed towards antibiotic Kanamycin followed by Cefotaxime, Trimethoprim, Cefotaxime + Clavulanic acid, Amoxycillin, Cefixime, Tetracycline, Ampicillin + Salbactum, Amikacin, Chloramphenicol, Nitrofurantoin, Gentamicin, Cefoperazone, Ceftriaxone and Ciprofloxacin. Simultaneously resistance to 2 to 9 antibacterial agents, was observed in all 27 (100%) isolates.