Healing in wounds like pressure ulcers, diabetic ulcers,
venous
ulcers, and arterial insufficiency ulcers is immensely hampered and
causes both an economic burden and morbidity to patients. These wounds
face a plethora of hostile conditions like elevated reactive oxygen
species (ROS), impaired angiogenesis, senescent fibroblasts, and deficient
stem cells that significantly diminish the probability of self-healing
in these wounds. Adipose-derived stem cell therapy (ADSC) presents
a promising approach to achieve efficient healing in such cases. To
address the complex scenario of chronic wounds, we propose a combinatorial
approach of delivering ADSCs on antioxidant gelatin-sericin (GS) scaffolds
coated with laminin (GSL), an endothelial basement protein to improve
angiogenesis. The synthesized GS scaffolds showed values of compression
modulus, pore size, porosity, and the swelling ratio in the range
of 65 kPa, 158 ± 48.8 μm, 91.1% ± 1.25, and 28 ±
2.5, respectively. A DPPH assay revealed GS scaffolds exhibit around
20% more scavenging as against gelatin (G) scaffolds and better protection
against free radical assault, thus enhancing cell viability and the
metabolic index of fibroblast cells. Different cells, namely, fibroblasts,
keratinocytes, and ADSCs, cultured on GS scaffolds had better metabolic
activity as compared with G scaffolds. Laminin coating onto the scaffolds
leads to improved attachment and tube formation of endothelial cells
as depicted in scanning electron microscopy images. Finally, we validated
the applicability of the ADSCs loaded laminin-coated GS scaffolds
in a diabetic ulcer rat model. Hematoxylin and eosin, Masson’s
trichrome, and picrosirius red staining showed better regeneration
and collagen remodeling in ADSCs loaded GSL scaffolds. Immunostaining
of CD31 staining demonstrates enhanced angiogenesis in GSL-ADSC as
compared with other groups.
We have developed an agarose‐based biocompatible drug delivery vehicle. The vehicle is in the form of thin, transparent, strong and flexible films. The biocompatibility and haemocompatibility of the films is confirmed using direct and indirect contact biological assay. Contact angle measurement exhibits hydrophilic nature of the films, and protein adsorption test shows low protein adsorption on the film surface. Drugs, antibiotics and antiseptics, retain their potency after their incorporation into the films. Our bioplastic films can be a versatile medium for drug delivery applications, especially as wound and surgical dressings where a fast drug release rate is desired.
In the present work, we have tested the potency of iodineloaded agar transdermal patches (5 mg/cm 2 ) for the treatment of infected diabetic wounds in the Wistar rat model. The rats were treated with the newly developed agar−iodine−potassium iodide (KI)−glycerol (AKIG) patch along with two other commercial dressings Iodoflex and Tegaderm as controls. Animals that received treatment with AKIG patches and Iodoflex showed better infection containment as compared to that with Tegaderm-covered control and exhibited complete healing. The antimicrobial property of all the patches was tested on three bacterial speciesStaphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosafound in infected wounds. P. aeruginosa exhibited the highest minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values among the three bacterial species for all the patches. The patch showed values of tensile strength, elongation, water vapor transmission rate, and swelling in the range of 34 ± 5 MPa, 51% ± 5, 2700 ± 110 g/m 2 /day, and 250% ± 25, respectively, for the agar−KI−iodine patch. The release kinetics of iodine through the agar matrix was found to follow the first-order drug release kinetics.
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