Agar–Iodine Transdermal Patches for Infected Diabetic Wounds

Abstract

In the present work, we have tested the potency of iodineloaded agar transdermal patches (5 mg/cm 2 ) for the treatment of infected diabetic wounds in the Wistar rat model. The rats were treated with the newly developed agar−iodine−potassium iodide (KI)−glycerol (AKIG) patch along with two other commercial dressings Iodoflex and Tegaderm as controls. Animals that received treatment with AKIG patches and Iodoflex showed better infection containment as compared to that with Tegaderm-covered control and exhibited complete healing. The antimicrobial property of all the patches was tested on three bacterial speciesStaphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosafound in infected wounds. P. aeruginosa exhibited the highest minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values among the three bacterial species for all the patches. The patch showed values of tensile strength, elongation, water vapor transmission rate, and swelling in the range of 34 ± 5 MPa, 51% ± 5, 2700 ± 110 g/m 2 /day, and 250% ± 25, respectively, for the agar−KI−iodine patch. The release kinetics of iodine through the agar matrix was found to follow the first-order drug release kinetics.

Antibacterial Vitamin K3 Carnosine Peptide-Laden Silk Fibroin Electrospun Fibers for Improvement of Skin Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats

“…Furthermore, silk-fibroin-based biomaterials with various structures (such as nanofibers scaffold, patches and hydrogel biomaterials) in the presence of powerful antibacterial agents showed an excellent cytocompatibility, suitable stability, and tunable mechanical property to improve the proliferation and cell migration function in the development of burn wound, infected diabetic and nondiabetic wound healing applications. 68,69 Hence, the addition of the oxygen and peptide impregnated natural biopolymer-based dressing exhibited strong antibacterial activity against three pathogenic bacteria (E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus) to prevent the bacterial load in the infected wound region to enhance rapid healing. 66 Therefore, the promising VKC-incorporated SF fiber mat containing multicharacteristic properties could facilitate the function of interand intramolecular affinity between scaffolds and the freshly formed dermis and epidermis to promote re-epithelialization and neovascularization in soft tissue engineering.…”

“…The inherent bioactive functional group-containing VKC can easily accumulate (by inter- or intracellular action) in the periplasmic space causing disruption of cellular function and disorganization of bacterial membranes, which could promote the microbes free wound surface to accelerate chronic wound repair and regeneration. Furthermore, silk-fibroin-based biomaterials with various structures (such as nanofibers scaffold, patches and hydrogel biomaterials) in the presence of powerful antibacterial agents showed an excellent cytocompatibility, suitable stability, and tunable mechanical property to improve the proliferation and cell migration function in the development of burn wound, infected diabetic and nondiabetic wound healing applications. , Hence, the addition of the oxygen and peptide impregnated natural biopolymer-based dressing exhibited strong antibacterial activity against three pathogenic bacteria (E. coli, P.…”

“…In addition, bacterial infection on the chronic wound was provoked to prevent the re-epithelialization and collagen production function . Silk-based nanofiber materials in the presence of a natural and synthetically derived therapeutic agent have a capability to confer a high surface area with a biomimetic ECM structure for providing a sustained antibacterial delivery system to combat against bacterial infections . In recent years, antimicrobial peptides have been encouraged to induce the immune response against pathogenic bacterial and fungi, which could aid in destroying the bacterial colonization and hasten the immunomodulation and neovascularization process for rapid healing. , In our present study, the VKC antibacterial peptide-laden silk fibroin fibrous mat displayed excellent healing pathways to develop epidermal cell migration, granulation tissue maturation, and ECM deposition.…”

In Vitro Release Kinetics of Nystatin and Tannic Acid in Artificial Body Fluids from Hydrogels Prepared by Using Polyvinylpyrrolidone Crosslinked with Tannic Acid

“…Topical patches consisting of biocompatible hydrogels that can simultaneously treat bacterial and fungal infections is highly desirable [30,31] . In addition, such topical patches may also help diabetic patients by providing localized treatment for skin infections, rather than taking oral medication which can cause complications due to high blood sugar levels weakening the immune system and prolonging the wound healing process [32,33] …”

Rational design of flexible microneedles coupled with CaO2@PDA-loaded nanofiber films for skin wound healing on diabetic rats

“…[4][5][6] Moreover, a wound dressing that can deliver therapeutic agents to the wound site while shielding the wound from further injury and absorbing the excess exudate to prevent periwound maceration is highly desired. 7 Nevertheless, conventional wound dressings often have problems, for instance, needing frequent dressing changes, having poor air permeability, and easy fall off. In addition, the efficacy of therapeutic agents in wound dressings is limited because they cannot be adequately released and diffused into deeper skin wounds via the local wound microenvironment.…”