Ten cases of histiocytic proliferative lesions in meat-type chickens associated in low incidence with infection by subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV) are described. Six were field cases in adult chickens from naturally infected flocks and four were from younger birds from transmission experiments with HPRS-103 ALV or the related acutely transforming ALV strains 17 and 879. The lesions were observed mostly in the spleen and in some cases in other organs. Microscopically, the lesions were comprised mainly of pleomorphic histiocyte-like cells admixed with variable numbers of lymphoid cells. More detailed studies were carried out on two birds at 4 and 7 wk of age following infection with HPRS-103 at 1 day of age. These birds had multiple small nodular lesions in the spleen, liver, and kidney that appeared similar cytologically to the more extensive lesions in older birds. Monoclonal antibodies specific for various lymphoid and nonlymphoid accessory cells were used in immunohistochemical studies to identify a predominance of cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage, and CD4- and CD8-positive lymphocytes, in the splenic nodules. Ultrastructural studies also revealed a similar mixed population of cells. Expression of ALV group-specific antigen, and gag and ALV-J env RNA, was not a marked feature of the histiocytic lesions. The proliferative histiocytic lesion is designated a histiocytic sarcomatosis.
The Informative AbstractTo the Editor.\p=m-\The Informative Abstract1 contained information that was particularly worrisome to me as an editor responsible for the publication of a number of medical journals, namely your assertion that physicians "spend many hours each January reading journals."All previously available data about the reading habits of physicians indicate a fairly even (although low) annual distribution of reading time, punctuated by small decreases in July and September attributable to vacations and the beginning of the new academic year. If your new findings are indeed substantiated, then journal publishing is in trouble.Intuitively, one can find at least one possible (albeit lame) explanation for the eager reading in January: New Year's resolutions gone sour ("This year, as God is my witness, I shall not go uninformed!"). It would be interesting to do a citation study and chart such monthly fluctuations. If January articles are more heavily cited, then you really are on to something. If so, it will really change the face of the medical publish¬ ing industry.
An 8-year-old girl had pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) with the characteristic skin and ocular findings. She had no associated systemic symptoms and no family history of PXE. The disease was most likely inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. It is reviewed with regard to etiology, inheritance, diagnosis, and, particularly, management.
Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of malignant tumor in the United States. The five types of basal cell carcinoma (noduloulcerative, pigmented, morpheaform, and superficial basal cell carcinoma, and premalignant fibroepithelioma) vary in clinical presentation and behavior. Diagnosis is made by skin biopsy. The size, type, and site of a lesion and the age and sex of the patient affect the choice of treatment. Electrodesiccation and curettage, cryosurgery, surgical excision, Mohs' surgery, and radiation therapy are available. Knowledge of these therapies and of when they should and should not be used is important in proper management of basal cell carcinoma.
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