Axillary string phlebitis in pregnancy: A variant of Mondor's disease

Mondor's disease

“…Frequently, the etiology is multifactorial, although in many cases no specific events are identified 16,17 . The most common etiopathogenic factors are: traumatic events, excessive physical activity, 1,17 , 18 iatrogeny (breast surgery, augmentation or reduction mammoplasty, breast biopsy, or other surgical procedures), 17–20 inflammatory process, infections, concomitant mammary pathology (mastitis, abcess 16 ), and pendulous breast 2,7 , 11,21 …”

“…String phlebitis resembling Mondor's disease has been reported in the penis, 4,5 axilla, 6,7 groin, 8 antecubital fossa, 9 and posterior cervical region 10 . Clinically, this condition is characterized by the sudden onset of chest pain followed by one or more palpable and visible subcutaneous cords.…”

AA line

“…A variety of skin lines have been reported previously, including the costal fringe along the anterolateral costal margin, 1 pigmentary demarcation line associated with pregnancy, 2 Hart's line in female external genitalia, 3 and imaginary Blaschko's line. 4 Linear skin lesions are also observed in axillary string phlebitis 5 and at the sites of elastotic change or decreased number of elastic fibers, such as linear focal elastosis [6][7][8] or atrophia maculosa varioliformis cutis. 9 Previously reported skin lines and linear skin lesions are listed in Table 2.…”

“…9 Previously reported skin lines and linear skin lesions are listed in Table 2. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The AA (antecubital Ahn's) line is a common, easily recognized, linear, slightly depressed transverse skin line of the upper part of the forearm. This line does not correspond to any other previously reported line.…”

“…The exact cause of this line is still unknown. There were no significant differences with regard to obesity, Table 2 Summary of reported skin lines or linear skin lesions in the literature [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Costal fringe 1 Band-like pattern of venous telangiectases along the anterolateral costal margin; acquired condition common in elderly men Lines of Blaschko 4 Imaging lines represent a pattern followed by many skin disorders Hart's line 3 Natural demarcation between the labia minora and the limits of the vestibule Linear focal elastosis (elastotic striae) 7 Palpable striae-like yellow lines of the middle and lower aspects of the back Atrophia maculosa varioliformis cutis 9 Linear and punctate scars appear spontaneously on normal facial skin Axillary string phlebitis in pregnancy: a variant of Mondor's disease 5 Tender subcutaneous cord approximately 7.5 cm in length in the right axilla Pigmentary demarcation lines 2 Borders of abrupt transition between more deeply pigmented skin and that of lighter pigmentation commonly seen with pregnancy Pastia's line Transverse red streaks in the skin folds due to capillary fragility in patients with scarlet fever Mid-dermal elastolysis 11 Wrinkling due to selective absence of elastic fibers in the mid-dermis AA line Linear, slightly depressed transverse line of the upper part of the forearm associated diseases, alcohol intake, dominant hand, etc., between the AA line group and the general population. Therefore, it is not a reactive line, in contrast with the costal fringe that is an acquired condition commonly observed in elderly men.…”