Suryaningsih S, Sukmaningrum S, Simanjuntak SBI, Kusbiyanto. 2018. Diversity and longitudinal distribution of freshwater fish in Klawing River, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 85-92. The aims of this study were to evaluate the diversity and longitudinal distribution of fish in Klawing River, Purbalingga (Central Java). The survey was performed using a clustered randomsampling technique. The river was divided into upstream, midstream and downstream regions. Species diversity was measured as the number of species, and the longitudinal distribution was assessed by determining the fish species present in each of the three regions. Eighteen fish species of eleven families were identified in the Klawing River: Cyprinidae, Bagridae, Mastacembelidae, Anabantidae, Cichlidae, Channidae, Eleotrididae, Beleontinidae, Osphronemidae, Poecilidae, and Siluridae. Cyprinidae exhibited the highest number of species (six), followed by Bagridae and Cichlidae (two species each). The other families were represented by one species each. A single cluster analysis showed that the upstream population had a similarity of 78% and 50% with the midstream and downstream populations, respectively. Species and family diversities were higher in the midstream populations than in the upstream and downstream populations. This longitudinal distribution may be due to differences in environmental conditions and suggests that management of the land surrounding the Klawing River is a key factor in the conservation of freshwater fish.
Abstract:Gene expression profiling plays an important role in the identification of biological and clinical properties of human solid tumors such as colorectal carcinoma. Profiling is required to reveal underlying molecular features for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A non-parametric density-estimation-based approach called iterative local Gaussian clustering (ILGC), was used to identify clusters of expressed genes. We used experimental data from a previous study by Muro and others consisting of 1,536 genes in 100 colorectal cancer and 11 normal tissues. In this dataset, the ILGC finds three clusters, two large and one small gene clusters, similar to their results which used Gaussian mixture clustering. The correlation of each cluster of genes and clinical properties of malignancy of human colorectal cancer was analysed for the existence of tumor or normal, the existence of distant metastasis and the existence of lymph node metastasis.
The fish auction site at Ocean Fishing Port of Cilacap is one of the major fish landings sites in Indonesia. Fishes landed in this port mainly of large pelagic fish, bycatch, crustaceans including kemprit fish (Ilisha megaloptera Swainson,1839). Kemprit fish is a member of the family Pristigasteridae, which has an elongated body shape-sprawl. Fishers use this fish as the main ingredient to produce fish crackers and dried salted fish. Overfishing is the greatest threat to kemprit fish, and without conservation efforts the future population is uncertain. Fish farming is one right answer in kemprit fish conservation. However, information on this fish biology is insufficient. One of the biological aspects is sexual dimorphism, the morphological properties that can be used to distinguish between male and female fish. Truss morphometrics can measure the morphological traits differences of male and female. This technique in which the measurement of the distance Truss morphometrics in certain parts, by the benchmark points (dots Truss morphometrics), then compared with standard size. The result of the preliminary survey indicated that kemprit fish did not show sexual dimorphism, therefore truss morphometric technique applies to distinguish sexes of this fish. This research was a survey, and purposive sampling techniques were used to collect data. Data were then analyzed using the “t” test. The results showed that distinct truss distance between male and female fish was the distance between the anterior base of the dorsal fin to the anterior base of the ventral fins and the distance between the posterior base of the dorsal fin to the anterior base of the anal fin.
Abstract. Suryaningsih S, Bhagawati D, Sukmaningrum S, Sugiharto, Puspitasari IGAAR. 2020. Freshwater fish diversity in three tributary streams in Serayu Basin, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5811-5817. Determining the diversity of freshwater fish species in Central Java, Indonesia has been confounded by temporal and spatial limitations in past studies. The Serayu Basin is a large watershed in Central Java that is believed to have high freshwater fish diversity. We aimed to determine the diversity and community structure of freshwater fish species in three tributaries of the Serayu, elucidate the factors influencing this diversity, and determine the extent to which these tributaries contribute to the total freshwater fish species richness for southwest Central Java. We conducted gill net sampling from May to August 2018 on the Tulis, Mrawu, and Kali Sapi Rivers located at Banjanegara district Sampling followed a random group technique in upstream, midstream, and downstream river sections of each tributary. In total, we observed 21 freshwater fish species. Broadly, fish species diversity was relatively low in the study area, and water temperature and dissolved oxygen were important in maintaining fish diversity. These three tributaries house 27–46% of the freshwater fish species reported for southern Central Java.
One of the villages in Banyumas Regency which provides a high potential habitat for ricefield eel (Monopterus albus Zuieuw), a protogynous hermaphrodite, is Babakan. However, information concerning their reproduction cycles is lacking. This research aimed to understand the reproductive characters including Gonad Maturity Level (GML), Gonad Maturity Index (GMI), fecundity, egg diameter, and to examine the correlation of body length with both GML and GMI of the fish. We applied the survey method with purposive sampling design. The sampling was done once in a month for four times from November 2017 to March 2018. There were 30 samples for each sampling time (total of 120 eels). The results showed that the ricefield eels underwent intersex phase at a body length of 30.5-30.7 cm. The fish less than 30.5 cm were females, and those more than 30.7 cm was a male. The ricefield eel sex based on stages of gonad development was GML I (there were oocytes equipped with nucleus and cytoplasm), GML II (the presence of cortical alveoli stage), GML III (the stage of vitellogenesis), and GML IV (mature stage). The presence of degenerated oocytes and testicular lobes characterized their intersex stage. A testicular lobe characterized the male stage. The dominant GML during November, December, January, and March were GML I and II, GML I and II, GML III, and GML IV, respectively. Fecundity of the ricefield eels during the research was between 207 and 370 eggs, with an average of 252 eggs. The egg diameter of 0.22-2.5 mm indicated that the ricefield eel was on the batch spawner. The highest GMI of the eels occurred in January between 00017 and 0.0242 during the entire month of sampling. The body length of the fish did not correlate to their GML. On the other hand, their body length correlated to their GMI.
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