Resumo Objetivo mapear sistematicamente a produção de conhecimento, com a literatura nacional e internacional, de situações de sofrimento psíquico que os profissionais de enfermagem vivenciam quando expostos à pandemia da COVID-19. Método Scoping Review conforme Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer's Manual for Scoping Reviews e PRISMA-ScR. Executaram-se buscas nas bases eletrônicas entre abril e junho de 2020, por intermédio dos descritores. Revisores aos pares analisaram a relevância dos estudos, selecionando os que responderam à pergunta de investigação. Resultados selecionaram-se 38 estudos. As situações de sofrimento psíquico mais relatadas relacionaram-se à sobrecarga de trabalho, escassez ou ausência de equipamento de proteção individual, medo de se infectar, infectar outras pessoas e estar na linha de frente junto a pacientes com diagnóstico ou suspeita de COVID-19. Os sinais e sintomas de sofrimento psíquico mais encontrados foram ansiedade, depressão, insônia, estresse, estresse pós-traumático e medo. Conclusões e implicações para a prática os profissionais de enfermagem enfrentam situações de sofrimento psíquico, principalmente desencadeadas por fatores relacionados às condições de trabalho, manifestando sintomas depressivos, de ansiedade e de estresse, que podem permanecer por longo período. As instituições de saúde precisaram implementar ações de capacitação, proteção e segurança, bem como suporte e apoio psicossocial em curto espaço de tempo.
Objective: To learn the perception of health professionals from the Psychosocial Attention Center for Alcohol and Other Drugs regarding the resilience attributes that are critical to family members of psychoactive substance dependents. Method: A qualitative descriptive study conducted from February to May 2016, using a focus group technique for data collection. In total, 15 professionals participated in the study: 13 health professionals and two administrative professionals. The statements were recorded and transcribed, and these data were analyzed using the technique of thematic content analysis. Results: Health professionals recognize the family resilience attributes needed for efficient and assertive communication, as well as organizational patterns and facilitating family strengths, factors that contribute to improved family relationship and family functionality. Final considerations: This study contributed to a perspective of clinical intervention with family members that is not limited to the negative aspects of family relationship and life, such as fragility and family dysfunction. Descriptors: Family; Psychological Resilience; Substance-Related Disorders; Mental Health; Health Personnel. RESUMO Objetivo: Conhecer a percepção dos profissionais de saúde de Centro de Atenção Psicossocial -Álcool e Outras Drogas sobre atributos fundamentais de resiliência das famílias de dependentes de substâncias psicoativas. Método: Estudo qualitativo, descritivo, realizado em fevereiro e maio de 2016, através da técnica de grupo focal para coleta de dados. Participaram 15 trabalhadores: 13 da área de saúde e 2 da administração. Os relatos foram gravados por áudio, transcritos e os dados foram analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: As equipes de saúde reconhecem os atributos da resiliência familiar que perpassam os domínios da comunicação eficiente e assertiva, padrões organizacionais e forças familiares facilitadoras, fatores que auxiliam na melhora da relação familiar e de sua funcionalidade. Considerações finais: O estudo contribuiu para uma perspectiva de intervenção clínica com familiares que não se limita a aspectos negativos da relação e convivência familiar, tais como fragilidades e disfuncionalidade familiar.
Objective: Identify mechanisms of positive influence of religiosity and spirituality on the life and treatment of alcoholics, from their perspective. Methods: A qualitative exploratory study was conducted at a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Drugs, located in the interior of São Paulo. A semi-structured interview was conducted with eight alcoholics. Data were analyzed using the content analysis technique. Results: From the perception of the interviewees, religiosity and spirituality have a positive influence, bringing comfort to people in alcohol withdrawal, promoting inner power to take care of their health and change their habits, routine and behaviors, acting as complementary support to treatment and strengthening daily prayers. Conclusion:Alcoholics recognize the positive influence of religiosity and spirituality, helping them face daily life and treatment challenges.Health professionals have to be prepared to use such themes in the care routine as motivation resources.Keywords: Ethanol; Alcoholism; Religion; Spirituality. resumen Objetivo: Identificar los mecanismos de la influencia positiva en la religión y la espiritualidad en la vida y en el tratamiento, desde la perspectiva de los alcohólicos. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo y exploratorio realizado con ocho alcohólicos en el Centro de Atención Psicosocial de Alcohol y Drogas en São Paulo. Fueron realizadas entrevistas semiestructuradas, analizadas mediante el análisis de contenido. Resultados: En la percepción de los encuestados, la religiosidad y la espiritualidad influyen positivamente en la comodidad de las personas con abstinencia; dándoles fuerza interior para cuidar de la salud; promoviendo cambio en la actitud, rutina y comportamiento; sirviendo como apoyo adicional al tratamiento; y fortaleciendo el ejercicio diario de la oración. Conclusión: Los alcohólicos reconocen que la religión y la espiritualidad les ayudan a hacer frente a los retos diarios de la vida y del tratamiento. Profesionales de salud deben ser capaces de utilizar estos temas en el cuidado diario, como recursos motivacionales.
The study consists of a bibliographic survey covering mid-level nursing professionals in alternative mental health services, with the objective to reflecting on their work, considering the psychosocial model and its care intervention actions, based on the theoretical reference framework of the so-called "light technologies". It was observed that there is a transition process from the traditional to the psychosocial model, from a technical model to the model of satisfying user needs and the importance of reviewing these professionals' training process, pointing out a new attitude of the nurse-teacher, who should aim for critical-reflective teaching that is aimed at the ideals of the Psychiatric Reform.
Objective: to understand how the contradictions and tensions of neoliberal policy, materialized in precarious work, affect nursing workers’ mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: this is a study with a qualitative and descriptive approach, analyzed in the light of neoliberal economic policy. Data were collected through virtual means, with the participation of 719 nursing workers, from April to June 2020. To organize the data, the IRaMuTeQ® software and thematic analysis were used. Results: the reports revealed the lack of value of workers and the loss of social labor rights; the progressive nature of the neoliberal policy, its threats and repercussions on workers’ mental health; and recognition by female workers that political and class participation does not occur in isolation, but collectively. Conclusion: under the aegis of neoliberal policy, the COVID-19 pandemic brought an upsurge precarious work, influencing nursing workers’ subjectivity and mental health.
Objective: To apprehend the perception of relatives of psychoactive substances dependents about their facilitating strengths to deal positively with the adversities from this context. Method: Qualitative and descriptive study developed between July/2016 and August/2017 at Psychosocial Care Center Alcohol and Drugs of a city on the countryside of São Paulo, through a semi-structured interview for data collection. Eight family members of chemical addicted participate. The interviews were recorded by audio, transcribed and analyzed by content analyze technique, thematic category. Results: The relatives recognized that their facilitating strengths permeated through the religiosity and spirituality, beliefs systems, support from the specialized mental health service support and of friendship, whilst social support network. The strengths also depended on the cohesion and assertive communication of the family. Conclusion: The facilitating strengths recognized by relatives help them deal positively with adversities in the chemical addiction context, strengthening the familiar resilience.
RESUMO Este estudo objetivou analisar como as famílias de pessoas com câncer perceberam o atendimento prestado pelos profissionais de um ambulatório público especializado, utilizando Análise Temática de Bardin. Foram entrevistadas 7 famílias, totalizando 14 membros familiares que, em seus discursos, enfatizaram a relação médico-paciente, avaliando-a como impessoal e superficial, gerando insegurança e descrença. A família procura participar, mas sente-se pouco valorada e excluída do cuidado. As informações necessárias e não recebidas são buscadas na mídia, e o conforto é alcançado na espiritualidade. A formação dos diversos profissionais da saúde precisa estimular o olhar para a família como unidade de cuidado, articulando formação e modos de cuidar em saúde.
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