A tuberculose na estratégia de saúde da família: o conhecimento dos agentes comunitários de saúde ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to identify what community health agents of the municipality of São Carlos, in the State of São Paulo knew about tuberculosis, based on the handbook "Tuberculosis: information for community health agents" recommended by the Department for Health Policies. A multiple-choice questionnaire was applied with 87 workers of the 16Family Health Units in the referred municipality, 70% of which were able to minimally recognize their activities to control this disease. Relevant frailties regarding treatment duration and abandonment, in addition to myths and misinterpretations about the forms of transmission were identified. In conclusion, there is a need for specific educational activities for these professionals, taking into consideration the key role that they have in controlling tuberculosis. It is believed that these results could support educational strategies and the implementation of tuberculosis-control policies aimed at the community agent.Descriptors: Tuberculosis; Community Health Workers; Family Health Program; Health Services; Nursing. RESUMENSe objetivó identificar el conocimiento de los agentes comunitarios de salud del municipio de São Carlos-SP sobre tuberculosis, teniendo como referencia el Manual "Tuberculosis: informaciones para agentes comunitarios de salud" recomendado por la Secretaría de Políticas de Salud. Fue aplicado un cuestionario de elección múltiple con 87 profesionales de las 16 Unidades de Salud de la Familia del municipio, habiendo sido casi 70% capaz de reconocer mínimamente sus acciones en el control de la enfermedad. Fueron identificadas debilidades importantes respecto de duración y abandono del tratamiento, además de mitos y equívocos sobre formas de contagio. Se concluye en que existe necesidad de acciones educativas específicas para estos profesionales, teniendo en cuenta el papel crucial que desempeñan en el control de la enfermedad. Se considera que los resultados del estudio puedan ser de ayuda para establecer estrategias educativas y adoptar políticas de control de la enfermedad orientadas al agente comunitario.
RESUMO Este estudo objetivou analisar como as famílias de pessoas com câncer perceberam o atendimento prestado pelos profissionais de um ambulatório público especializado, utilizando Análise Temática de Bardin. Foram entrevistadas 7 famílias, totalizando 14 membros familiares que, em seus discursos, enfatizaram a relação médico-paciente, avaliando-a como impessoal e superficial, gerando insegurança e descrença. A família procura participar, mas sente-se pouco valorada e excluída do cuidado. As informações necessárias e não recebidas são buscadas na mídia, e o conforto é alcançado na espiritualidade. A formação dos diversos profissionais da saúde precisa estimular o olhar para a família como unidade de cuidado, articulando formação e modos de cuidar em saúde.
This research aimed at identifying the knowledge of nursing assistants on Family Health Strategies for tuberculosis treatment. It is a descriptive and prospective study with a quantitative approach performed with 29 professionals of 16 Family Health Teams in the Municipality of São Carlos-São Paulo. A questionnaire based on material from the São Paulo State Secretary of Health was applied. Weaknesses in the knowledge on treatment, vaccination and tuberculosis symptomatology were identified. We believe that such gaps may compromise early case detection, treatment advice and clarification of doubts on the condition. Therefore, it is necessary to implement ongoing education strategies on the subject for these professionals, once they have a key role in tuberculosis control and patient treatment adherence.
Clinical-qualitative study aimed at analyzing the experiences of users who completed treatment for tuberculosis in the county of São Carlos-São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected from February to September 2011, through semi-structured interviews, with 15 users. These were organized according to the content analysis technique, thematic modality. The patients face difficulties in being diagnosed and use different health services; they suffer with the reactions resulting from the treatment, and the supervision of drug intake is seen both as a facilitator for the formation of the link and also as a deterrent to adherence. Assessment researches related to difficulty in establishing the diagnosis and the monitoring of the supervised treatment should be made to minimize the barriers to control the disease.
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