Portuguese / English: www.scielo.br/reeusp RESUMO O objetivo foi descrever os resultados maternos e perinatais da assistência no Centro de Parto Normal Casa de Maria (CPN-CM), na cidade de São Paulo. A amostra probabilística foi de 991 parturientes e seus recém-nascidos, assistidos entre 2003 e 2006. Os resultados mostraram que 92,2% das parturientes tiveram um acompanhante de sua escolha e as práticas mais utilizadas no parto foram banho de aspersão ou imersão (92,9%), amniotomia (62,6%), deambulação (47,6%), massagem de conforto (29,8%) e episiotomia (25,7%). Com relação aos recém-nascidos, 99,9% apresentaram índice de Apgar = 7 no quinto minuto; 9,3% receberam aspiração das vias aé-reas superiores; nenhum necessitou ser entubado; e 1,4% foram removidos para o hospital. O modelo de assistência praticado no CPN-CM apresenta resultados maternos e perinatais esperados para mulheres com baixo risco obstétrico, sendo alternativa segura e menos intervencionista no parto normal. DESCRITORES

Objectives: To characterize the use of the Swiss ball for the care of laboring women in obstetric care services linked to the Unified Health System in São Paulo, and to identify the characteristics of its use in assisting laboring women by nurse-midwives. Methods: A descriptive study based on structured interviews with 35 nurses who were providing assistance to laboring women. Results: We found that 100% of Normal Birthing Centers and 40.9% of obstetric centers owned the Swiss ball. The indications for the use of Swiss ball were: promoting fetal descent (32.4%), relaxation (19.7%), progression of labor (17.1%), exercise of the perineum (14.5%), pain relief (11.8%), psychological benefits and maternal movement. Nearly all of the institutions visited (96.8%) had no protocol for its use. Conclusion: The study found that nurses ascribe benefits to using the Swiss ball during labor. Clinical trials are needed to evaluate its effects and support the development of guidelines for its use. Keywords: Obstetrical nursing; Exercise therapy; Natural childbirth RESUMO Objetivos: Caracterizar o uso da bola suíça na assistência à parturiente em serviços de atenção obstétrica vinculado ao Sistema Único de Saúde no Município de São Paulo e identificar as características de seu emprego na assistência à parturiente por enfermeira obstétricas. Métodos: Estudo descritivo com base em entrevistas estruturadas com 35 enfermeiras que prestavam assistência às parturientes. Resultados: Constatou-se que 100% dos Centros de Parto Normal e 40,9% dos Centros Obstétricos possuiam bola suíça. As indicações do uso da bola suíça foram: promover a descida da apresentação fetal (32,4%), relaxamento (19,7%), progressão do parto (17,1%), exercício do períneo (14,5%), alívio da dor (11,8%), benefícios psicológicos e movimentação materna. A quase totalidade das instituições visitadas (96,8%) não possuia protocolo para sua utilização. Conclusão: O estudo apontou que as enfermeiras atribuem benefícios ao uso da bola suíça no trabalho de parto. Ensaios clínicos são necessários para avaliar seus efeitos e subsidiar a elaboração de orientações para seu uso. Descritores: Enfermagem obstétrica; Terapia por exercício; Parto normal RESUMEN Objetivos: Caracterizar el uso de la pelota suiza en la asistencia a la parturienta en servicios de atención obstétrica vinculado al Sistema Único de Salud en el Municipio de Sao Paulo e identificar las características de su empleo en la asistencia de la parturienta por enfermeras obstétricas. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo a partir de entrevistas estructuradas realizadas a 35 enfermeras que prestaban asistencia a las parturientas. Resultados: Se constató que el 100% de los Centros de Parto Normal y 40,9% de los Centros Obstétricos poseían la pelota suiza. Las indicaciones del uso de la pelota suiza fueron: promover el descenso de la presentación fetal (32,4%), relajamiento (19,7%), progresión del parto (17,1%), ejercicio del periné (14,5%), alivio del dolor (11,8%), beneficios psicológicos y movimiento materno. La casi...

BackgroundPrevious studies have demonstrated remarkable tropism of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) toward malignant gliomas, making these cells a potential vehicle for delivery of therapeutic agents to disseminated glioblastoma (GBM) cells. However, the potential contribution of MSCs to tumor progression is a matter of concern. It has been suggested that CD133+ GBM stem cells secrete a variety of chemokines, including monocytes chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) and stromal cell-derived factor-1(SDF-1/CXCL12), which could act in this tropism. However, the role in the modulation of this tropism of the subpopulation of CD133+ cells, which initiate GBM and the mechanisms underlying the tropism of MSCs to CD133+ GBM cells and their effects on tumor development, remains poorly defined.Methods/resultsWe found that isolated and cultured MSCs (human umbilical cord blood MSCs) express CCR2 and CXCR4, the respective receptors for MCP-1/CCL2 and SDF-1/CXCL12, and demonstrated, in vitro, that MCP-1/CCL2 and SDF-1/CXC12, secreted by CD133+ GBM cells from primary cell cultures, induce the migration of MSCs. In addition, we confirmed that after in vivo GBM tumor establishment, by stereotaxic implantation of the CD133+ GBM cells labeled with Qdots (705 nm), MSCs labeled with multimodal iron oxide nanoparticles (MION) conjugated to rhodamine-B (Rh-B) (MION-Rh), infused by caudal vein, were able to cross the blood-brain barrier of the animal and migrate to the tumor region. Evaluation GBM tumors histology showed that groups that received MSC demonstrated tumor development, glial invasiveness, and detection of a high number of cycling cells.ConclusionsTherefore, in this study, we validated the chemotactic effect of MCP-1/CCL2 and SDF-1/CXCL12 in mediating the migration of MSCs toward CD133+ GBM cells. However, we observed that, after infiltrating the tumor, MSCs promote tumor growth in vivo probably by release of exosomes. Thus, the use of these cells as a therapeutic carrier strategy to target GBM cells must be approached with caution.

This study showed a useful and noninvasive method for monitoring intracranial pressure, which was able to indicate the intracranial hypertension in children with hydrocephalus and, thus, should be further investigated for clinical applications.

Trata-se de estudo exploratório com o objetivo de identificar a freqüência, os tipos e os critérios adotados para indicar a episiotomia. Foram entrevistados 12 médicos e 12 enfermeiras que prestam assistência à parturiente no Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo. A episiotomia ocorreu em 76,2% dos partos normais; as indicações mais freqüentes foram: rigidez perineal (28,7%), primiparidade (23,7%), feto macrossômico (11,9%), prematuridade (10,2%). O tipo mais citado foi médio-lateral direito (92,0%), justificado por: aprendizado durante a formação acadêmica (25,9%), ser adotada rotineiramente (19,4%), menor chance de lesar o esfíncter anal (16,1%), menor risco de complicações (16,1%). É necessário rever as práticas de atendimento à parturiente, considerando as evidências científicas e condutas individualizadas.

This descriptive and exploratory study was carried out through interviews with 221 puerperal women who gave birth in Sao Paulo State public maternities located within the capital. The purposes of the work were: 1. to identify the type of childbirth women expected to have--whether vaginal births or cesareans--and why; 2. to verify to what extent women's expectations corresponded to the type of birth they had; 3. to compare medical indications for c-sections with women's understanding of justifications they were given for this intervention. Data revealed that 74.7% of the women expected to have vaginal births and 25.3% expected to have cesarean sections. Vaginal birth, expected by 165 interviewees, occurred in 66.1% of these cases. Among women who expected having vaginal births, the most mentioned justification was that recuperation afterwards was faster. Among women who expected cesareans, the most mentioned justification was a previous c-section. The justifications presented by 61 women for having been submitted to c-sections did not coincide with medical indications for this intervention in 47.5% of the cases.

Objective: Presenting methodology for transferring knowledge to improve maternal outcomes in natural delivery based on scientific evidence. Method: An intervention study conducted in the maternity hospital of Itapecerica da Serra, SP, with 50 puerperal women and 102 medical records from July to November 2014. The PACES tool from Joanna Briggs Institute, consisting of pre-clinical audit (phase 1), implementation of best practice (phase 2) and Follow-up Clinical Audit (phase 3) was used. Data were analyzed by comparing results of phases 1 and 3 with Fisher's exact test and a significance level of 5%. Results: The vertical position was adopted by the majority of puerperal women with statistical difference between phases 1 and 3. A significant increase in bathing/showering, walking and massages for pain relief was found from the medical records. No statistical difference was found in other practices and outcomes. Barriers and difficulties in the implementation of evidence-based practices have been identified. Variables were refined, techniques and data collection instruments were verified, and an intervention proposal was made. Conclusion: The study found possibilities for implementing a methodology of practices based on scientific evidence for assistance in natural delivery.

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