Zr-MOF synthesis modulated by various amino acids, including L-proline, glycine and L-phenylalanine is shown as a straightforward approach towards functional group incorporation and particle size control. High yields in Zr-MOF are achieved employing 5 equiv of the modulator at 120 o C; at lower temperatures, the method provides a series of Zr-MOFs with increased particle size, including many suitable for single crystal X-Ray diffraction. Furthermore, amino acid modulators can be incorporated at defect sites of Zr-MOFs with up to 1:1 amino acid-to-strut ratio, depending on the ligand structure and reaction conditions. The MOFs obtained through amino acid modulation exhibit improved CO2 capture capacity when compared to non-functionalized material.

Understanding the physicochemical origin of functional materials generally requires multifaceted information on their material characteristics, which are investigated by various analytical methods. In this respect, a simultaneous multiprobe approach to studying materials by complementary methods is of great value, particularly following dynamically varying processes, such as chemical and structural transformations under reactive environments. Herein, we report facile and versatile approaches to combining synchrotron X-ray absorption spectro- [a] 1848 the mobile IR spectrometer system (Arcoptix S. A., OEM model) allows flexible positioning and sensitive signal detection.

As early as 1991 Ochiai et al. reported that an acid-activated form of phenyliodine diacetate, PhI(OAc) , undergoes a reaction with propargyl-silanes, germanes and stannanes to give the ortho-propargyl iodobenzene. This formal C-H alkylation was proposed to take place through an unusual (even to date) iodonio-based [3,3] rearrangement of an intermediate allenylsilane. Although this mechanistic principle has been invoked in related iodane-directed C-H coupling reaction, some underlying principles have remained unaddressed, and the reaction rarely employed. Herein, DFT evidence for a mechanism best described as iodine-guided electrophilic aromatic substitution is presented. Using a newly optimized reaction protocol that significantly reduces the undesired reduction process, the potency of the method is showcased through the synthesis of >40 structurally diverse ortho-iodo propargyl (or allenyl) arenes.

Mn(III)-based oxidative free-radical cyclization of an unsaturated beta-keto ester containing a pyridine ring as radical trap has been studied. This intramolecular reaction of nucleophilic carbon-centered radicals with the pyridine ring leads to the stereospecific construction of a tetracyclic compound in which five chiral centers are created in one pot. This synthetic approach represents the first attempt to prepare the anti-inflammatory pyridinium alkaloids spongidine A, B, and D.

The aim of this article is examine the characteristics of newsrooms' organization of Catalan local media as a part of media convergence. Data was obtained from a survey distributed among media members of the Catalan Association of Local Newspapers, with a response rate of 45%, and 19 in-depth interviews with journalists and managers of 8 media groups. Companies were selected taking into account a wide range of variables: geographical distribution, periodicity, circulation, etc. Results show media convergence does not mean newsroom integration, but media groups usually develop some kind of integrated production. Formulas developed by media are diverse, with different levels of integration.

ResumenActualmente, las redes sociales se configuran como un motor de transformación en las relaciones entre los medios y sus audiencias. Este artículo analiza el uso periodístico de Facebook y Twitter en 41 medios europeos de referencia. La metodología está basada en el análisis de contenido de sus cuentas oficiales. El período de análisis se sitúa en 2013. Los resultados apuntan a una presencia mayoritaria de los medios en Facebook y Twitter y un uso prioritario de difusión de información. Además, es en los países mediterráneos donde se observa una mayor actividad tanto por parte de los medios como de sus usuarios.Palabras Clave: Facebook; Twitter; redes sociales; periodismo; estrategias corporativas; medios europeos The journalistic use of Facebook and Twitter: a comparative analysis of the European experience Abstract Nowadays, the social networks seem to be the driving force in the transformation of the relationship between the media and their audiences. This paper analyses the journalistic use of Facebook and Twitter in 41 referential European media. The methodology is based on the content analysis of their corporative accounts on 2013. The results show that media are mostly present on Facebook and Twitter and that they mainly use them to distribute information. Above this, the Mediterranean media and audience are those that present more activity in the social networks analysed.

ResumenLa convergencia digital favorece los cambios en el perfil profesional de los periodistas, fomentando la polivalencia en la elaboración de los contenidos. Un nuevo panorama que se acentúa con la crisis, puesto que las empresas reducen plantillas y asignan nuevas tareas a sus redactores. Además, la proliferación del uso de las redes sociales en los medios también obliga a los periodistas a adquirir nuevas competencias para aprovechar eficazmente las nuevas plataformas. El objetivo de este artículo es conocer en profun didad las nuevas tareas que deben de desarrollar los periodistas, y como consecuencia, las competencias necesarias para llevarlas a cabo. La metodología utilizada incluye entrevistas en profundidad a diferen tes perfiles profesionales del sector periodístico. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan que se están gene rando nuevas competencias relacionadas con tres grandes ámbitos: la gestión de la interacción con la audiencia, la distribución de contenidos, y la elaboración de los productos informativos. Palabras clave: periodismo, innovación educativa, convergencia digital, redes sociales. The Journalistic Multiskilling of the Professionals in Social NetworksAbstract Digital convergence favours the changes that journalistic profile is experiencing. This scenario increases the journalistic multiskilling in the creation of news. The crisis emphasizes this panorama, as mass media tend to reduce their newsroom staff, assigning new tasks to journalists. Moreover, the spread of the use of social networks also contributes to the modification of the journalistic profile, as they have to acquire new skills in order to use these platforms in an effective way. The aim of this paper is to know in depth the new tasks assign to journalists, and as a consequence, the skills they have to develop. We have used a methodology based on interviews made to different journalistic profiles. Results show that new skills are emerging related to: how to administer the interaction with the audience, how to distribute contents, and how to elaborate news.

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