Objetivo: discutir as experiências e contradições no controle da pandemia de Covid-19 sob a perspectiva da epidemiologia e das políticas públicas brasileiras. Conteúdo: o debate apresentado divide-se em duas seções: a primeira traça a reflexão dos parâmetros epidemiológicos sobre a curva epidêmica do SARS-CoV-2, bem como as experiências internacionais para o controle deste fenômeno. A segunda, ancorada nas políticas públicas brasileiras, apresenta uma análise comparada das experiências nacionais e internacionais, discutindo os potenciais reflexos sobre a pandemia, considerando algumas especificidades sociais. Conclusão: frente à impossibilidade de redução de pessoas susceptíveis por meio de estratégias vacinais, a redução da velocidade da curva epidêmica precisa ocorrer por meio de ações de isolamento físico social. Ademais, a construção de políticas públicas que visem a proteção ao trabalhador e a ampliação do investimento no setor saúde são medidas urgentes.ABSTRACTObjective: to discuss experiences and contradictions in the control of the Covid-19 pandemic from the perspective of epidemiology and Brazilian public policies. Content: the discussion presented is divided into two sections: the first one present epidemiological parameters on the epidemic curve of SARS-CoV-2, as well as the international experiences for the control of this phenomenon. The second, anchored in the Brazilian public policies, presents a comparative analysis of national and international experiences, discussing the potential impacts on the pandemic, considering some specific social issues. Conclusion: in the face of impossibility of reducing susceptible people through vaccination strategies, the reduction of the speed of the epidemic curve needs to occur through actions of social distance. In addition, the construction of public policies aimed at protecting workers and expanding investment in the health sector are urgent measures.RESUMÉNObjetivo: discutir las experiencias y contradicciones en el control de la pandemia Covid-19 desde la perspectiva de la epidemiología brasileña y las políticas públicas. Contenido: el debate presentado se divide en dos secciones. El primero traza la reflexión de los parámetros epidemiológicos en la curva epidémica del SARS-CoV-2, así como las experiencias internacionales para el control de este fenómeno. El segunda seccione, anclada en las políticas públicas brasileñas, presenta un análisis comparativo de las experiencias nacionales e internacionales, discutiendo los posibles impactos en la pandemia, considerando algunas especificidades sociales brasileñas. Conclusión: dada la imposibilidad de reducir a las personas susceptibles a través de estrategias de vacunación, la reducción de la velocidad de la curva epidémica debe ocurrir a través de acciones de aislamiento social y físico. Además, la construcción de políticas públicas destinadas a proteger a los trabajadores y ampliar la inversión en el sector de la salud son medidas urgentes.
Este artigo objetiva refletir quanto à importância da prática educativa como forma de cuidado na Enfermagem em Saúde Pública, a partir da experiência desenvolvida no Projeto de Extensão Universitária: Aprendendo e Ensinando com o Alto Simão, da Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ. A fundamentação teórico-metodológica baseia-se na pedagogia crítica em uma perspectiva Freireana e na proposta da Construção Compartilhada do Conhecimento. Os resultados apontam para as várias formas de perceber o cuidado e sua relação com a ação educativa. Concluindo, percebe-se que há uma potencialidade na extensão enquanto espaço de formação voltada para o cuidado e como produção de conhecimento, além da centralidade da ação educativa para a Enfermagem em Saúde Pública.
RESUMO: Teve-se como objetivo conhecer as práticas de cuidado desenvolvidas por enfermeiros no âmbito da atenção básica, no município do Rio de Janeiro. Estudo de natureza qualitativa do tipo descritivo, desenvolvido entre 2009 e 2013, que teve como técnica de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada com 30 enfermeiros de quatro centros municipais de saúde e duas unidades básicas de saúde da família. Os dados foram tratados utilizando-se a análise de conteúdo. Identificou-se que o enfermeiro realiza diversas práticas de cuidado na atenção básica, na qual se destacaram: consulta de enfermagem, visita domiciliar e atividades educativas. Conclui-se que o enfermeiro possui certa dificuldade em definir a presença do cuidado nas práticas que realiza, o que demonstra a necessidade de debater tais práticas e o papel do enfermeiro na atenção básica. Palavras-Chave: Enfermagem em saúde pública; cuidados de enfermagem; prática de enfermagem; prática de saúde pública. ABSTRACT: This research aimed at assessing care practices developed by nurses in primary care in the city of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Qualitative study with a descriptive nature, conducted from 2009 to 2013. Data collection was made on the basis of semi-structured interviews with 30 nurses from 04 Municipal Health Centers and 02 Family Health Basic Units. Data were analyzed on the basis of content analysis. Nurses were found to perform a broad spectrum of care practices in primary care, among which nursing consultations, home visits, and educational activities stand out. Conclusions show that nurses face difficulty defining care in their practice, which confirms the need for further discussion of practices and nurses' role in primary care.
Objective: to discuss the role of Brazilian nursing to face political, economic and sanitary challenges that compose the crisis situation related to Covid-19 pandemics. Methods: Critical-thinking study with analytics characteristics, based on latin-american critical epidemiology and on the concept of social determination of health. Results: the central issues related to the Brazilian political-economic and health scenario are problematized, with emphasis on the impacts in terms of social inequality deepening. Nursing role is discussed considering the impacts in these worker’s health, and the relevance of nurses’ actions in the several professional practice scenarios to defend social protection. Conclusions: the role of Brazilian nursing as a social practice for the defense of life and universal access to health is reaffirmed as a way of achieving social justice.
This paper discusses the relationship between popular health education presuppositions and nursing education and work. It is divided into three parts: a presentation of Popular Education end Health field, with a brief historic, focusing some theoretical and methodological principles; discussion on pedagogic challenges related to nursing work and education, based on the curriculum of Faculty of Nursing - State University of Rio de Janeiro; and reflection about the potentiality of the insertion of theoretical-methodological elements of popular education and health field in nursing undergraduate curriculum as a way of supporting a critical-reflexive perspective in education, giving answers to health reality challenges, and to fortify pedagogic dimension of professional exercise towards democratic advances of Brazilian Health Care System.
The trajectory of participation in health research by community social actors worldwide has been built on a history of community participation from the Ottawa Charter Health Promotion call for community mobilization, to the emancipatory educational philosophy of Paulo Freire, to social movements and organizing for health and social justice. This paper builds on this history to expand our global knowledge about community participation in research through a dialogue between experiences and contexts in two prominent countries in this approach; the United States and Brazil. We first focus on differences in political and scientific contexts, financing, and academic perspectives and then present how, despite these differences, similarities exist in values and collaborative methodologies aimed at engaging community partners in democratizing science and knowledge construction. We present three case studies, one from the U.S. and two from Brazil, which illustrate similar multi-level processes using participatory research tools and Freirian dialogue to contribute to social mobilization, community empowerment, and the transformation of inequitable societal conditions. Despite different processes of evolution, we observed a convergence of participatory health research strategies and values that can transform science in our commitment to reduce health and social inequities and improve community wellbeing.
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