Abstrakt: Článek se zabývá hodnocením procesu transformace a deinstitucionalizace systému péče o ohrožené děti v České republice vedoucími představiteli institucionální péče o děti. Jedná se o aktuální téma reflektující celostátní systémovou změnu. Studie zahrnuje výsledky kvalitativního šetření realizovaného počátkem roku 2015 technikou hloubkových rozhovorů s osmi řediteli vybraných dětských domovů. Získaná data byla analyzována za využití postupů zakotvené teorie. Z výsledků výzkumu vyplynula skutečnost, že ředitelé jsou si vědomi nezbytnosti transformace systému péče, avšak neschvalují některé dílčí kroky vedoucí k systémové změně. Deficity spatřují především v malé připravenosti reformy a pravidlům měnícím se v jejím průběhu.Klíčová slova: péče o ohrožené děti, transformace, deinstitucionalizace, dětský domov, zakotvená teorie
Transformation of the System of Care for Vulnerable Children from the Perspective of Children´s Homes´ DirectorsAbstract: This paper deals with an evaluation of the process of transformation and deinstitutionalisation of the system of care for vulnerable children in the Czech Republic by the main representatives of the institutional care for children. This is a pressing issue, reflecting a nationwide systemic change. The study includes the results of a qualitative survey conducted at the beginning of 2015, using the technique of in-depth interviews with 8 directors of selected children´s homes. The obtained data were analysed using grounded theory procedures. The research results show that directors are aware of the necessity to transform the system of care, however, they do not approve of several partial steps towards such systemic change. Inadequate preparation of the reform and the changing of rules during the course of the reform were identified as the main deficits.
The paper looks at the life situation of Czech and Slovak seniors between 2005 and 2016. The aim is to analyze data from the national standardized surveys (EU-SILC) and, based on the analyzed data, describe living conditions (an objectively measured standard of living and poverty rate) and subjective life satisfaction with an emphasis on seniors living in single-person households. The results show a large increase in the number of single-person households. The analysis of Czech households' income situation showed that the per-member monthly income for the whole population was similar to the average per-member income in households of seniors, while the group of the elderly living in single-person households appeared to be the most vulnerable one in terms of income. The differences between the seniors' incomes and expenditures indicated that about 40% of this data segment's members lived near the poverty line, while the most endangered segment members were seniors from single-person households.
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