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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman konsep asam basa pada tingkat representasi makroskopik, mikroskopik, dan simbolik pada materi asam-basa siswa kelas XI MIA salah satu SMA Negeri di Blitar tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Instrumen penelitian berupa soal tes pilihan ganda beralasan. Hasil penelitian: (1) tingkat pemahaman konsep asam basa pada aspek makroskopik tergolong tinggi, 73,18%, (2) tingkat pemahaman konsep pada aspek mikroskopik tergolong rendah, 50,74%, (3) tingkat pemahaman konsep pada aspek simbolik tergolong cukup, 61,21%, dan (4) hasil korelasi antara representasi makroskopik-mikroskopik tergolong sedang (0,573), hasil korelasi antara representasi makroskopik-simbolik tergolong sedang (0,421) dan hasil korelasi antara mikroskopiksimbolik tergolong kuat (0,675).

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still ongoing, with no signs of abatement in sight. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is the causative agent of this pandemic and has claimed over 5 million lives, is still mutating, resulting in numerous variants. One of the newest variants is Omicron, which shows an increase in its transmissibility, but also reportedly reduces hospitalization rates and shows milder symptoms, such as in those who have been vaccinated. As a result, many believe that Omicron provides a natural vaccination, which is the first step toward ending the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on published research and scientific evidence, we review and discuss how the end of this pandemic is predicted to occur as a result of Omicron variants being surpassed in the community. In light of the findings of our research, we believe that it is most likely true that the Omicron variant is a natural way of vaccinating the masses and slowing the spread of this deadly pandemic. While the mutation that causes the Omicron variant is encouraging, subsequent mutations do not guarantee that the disease it causes will be less severe. As the virus continues to evolve, humans must constantly adapt by increasing their immunity through vaccination.

Abstrak -Mewujudkan masyarakat berliterasi sains adalah salah satu tujuan utama pendidikan sains, termasuk kimia. Pemahaman hakikat sains merupakan salah satu ciri yang diinginkan pada seseorang yang berliterasi sains. Pemahaman hakikat sains siswa sangat bergantung pada pemahaman hakikat sains guru. Guru harus memiliki pemahaman hakikat sains yang baik sekaligus cara membelajarkannya kepada siswa. Hakikat sains dapat dibelajarkan melalui pembelajaran berbasis inkuiri ilmiah. Calon guru kimia juga harus memiliki pemahaman hakikat sains dan inkuiri ilmiah yang baik agar mampu menjadi guru kimia yang dapat membelajarkan hakikat sains melalui pembelajaran berbasis inkuiri ilmiah, yang pada akhirnya dapat meningkatkan literasi sains siswa. Kata kunci: hakikat sains, inkuiri ilmiah, calon guru kimiaAbstract -Educating people to be a scientifically literate is one of the main goals of science education, including chemistry. Understanding of the nature of science (NOS) is one of the desirable characteristics of a scientifically literate person. Student's understanding of the NOS depends strongly upon the teacher's understanding of the NOS. Teachers must possess adequate understanding of the NOS as well as how they can be taught to students. The NOS can be learned through scientific inquiry-based learning. Preservice chemistry teachers' also must possess adequate understanding of the NOS and scientific inquiry in order to become a chemistry teacher that can teach the NOS through scientific inquiry-based learning, which in turn can improve student's science literacy. PENDAHULUANSeiring kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi dan berbagai dampak serta masalah yang ditimbulkannya, semakin diperlukan hadirnya masyarakat yang memiliki literasi sains. Literasi sains semakin diperlukan ditengah-tengah kehidupan masyarakat modern saat ini, oleh karena itu mewujudkan masyarakat yang memiliki literasi sains menjadi salah satu tujuan utama pendidikan sains (Norris & Philips, 2003). Pengembangan pemahaman hakikat sains adalah salah satu tujuan pembelajaran sains yang diyakini dapat mengembangkan kemampuan literasi sains siswa (Liang, dkk., 2009). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman hakikat sains diperlukan siswa dalam membuat keputusan yang tepat dan bertindak secara bertanggung jawab sebagai bagian

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The study of antibacterial activity of oil from Tamarindus indica Linn seed and fatty acids was conducted in this research. Oil of this plant seed was isolated by extraction and fractionation. Constituents of fatty acid in the oil identified as methyl ester fatty acids. The methyl ester fatty acid was carried out by trans-esterification with methanol/BF3. The methyl ester was identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometer (GC-MS). There are 13 fatty acids in the Tamarindus indica seed oil including octanoic, decanoic, dodecanoic, tetradecanoic, hexadecanoic, octadecanoic, eicosanoic, docosanoic, tetracosanoic, 11-octadecenoic, 11-eicosenoic, 9,12-octadecadienoic, and 9-octadecenoic acids. The transformation of tamarind seed oil into fatty acids was carried out through hydrolysis with potassium hydroxide solution followed by acidification with a hydrochloric acid solution. The physical and biological properties of the seed oil and fatty acids against antibacterial activity are reported in this paper.

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Fenomena penggunaan kosmetik pemutih Non-BPOM oleh ibu hamil masih banyak di lakukan karena sebagian mereka menganggap itu sebagai kebutuhan yang memang harus dilakukan. Tidak hanya itu saja tapi penggunaan kosmetik pemutih Non-BPOM oleh ibu hamil juga di lakukan karena adanya rendahnya pengetahuan akan dampak dan kandungan kosmetik dan masih tingginya motivasi ibu hamil untuk mempercantik diri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan  pengetahuan dan motivasi dengan perilaku ibu hamil menggunakan kosmetik pemutih Desa Baturejo Kabupaten Pati. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan analitik korelatif, dengan pendekatan crossectional. Sample dalam penelitian ada 34 ibu hamil. Teknik dalam penelitian menggunakan teknik random sampling. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah chi square. Hasil penelitian diperoleh data bahwa sebagian besar ibu hamil memiliki pengetahuan cukup tentang kosmetik pemutih dan mempunyai motivasi tinggi dalam menggunakan kosmetik yang mendorong ibu hamil berperilaku menggunakan kosmetik. Hasil bivariat pada variabel pengetahuan dengan nilai, p value 0,005< 0,05 yang berarti ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu hamil dengan perilaku ibu hamil menggunakan kosmetik pemutih bebas dipasaran (Non-Bpom)di Desa Baturejo Kabupaten Pati. Sedangkan variabel motivasi diperoleh nilai  p value 0,005 < 0,05 yang berati ada hubungan antara motivasi ibu hamil dengan perilaku ibu hamil menggunakan kosmetik pemutih bebas dipasaran (Non-Bpom) di Desa Baturejo Kabupaten Pati.   Kata kunci: pengetahuan, motivasi,  perilaku ibu hamil yang menggunakan kosmetik pemutih   RELATIONS OF KNOWLEDGE AND MOTIVATION WITH THE BEHAVIOR OF PREGNANT WOMEN USING WHITENING COSMETICS   ABSTRACT The phenomenon of using Non-BPOM whitening cosmetics by pregnant women is still a lot in doing because some of them consider it to be a necessity that should be done. Not only that alone but the use of whitening cosmetics Non-BPOM by pregnant women is also done because of the lack of knowledge of the impact and content of cosmetics, motivation and self-esteem.  The purpose of this research is to know the relationship of knowledge and motivation to the behavior of pregnant women using whitening cosmetics in Baturejo Village Pati district. The research draft uses correlative analytic, with a crossectional approach. The Sample in the study was 34 pregnant women. Techniques in research using random sampling techniques. The statistical test used was Chi Square. The results of the study obtained data that most pregnant women have sufficient knowledge about cosmetic whitening and have a high motivation in using cosmetics that encourages pregnant women to behave using cosmetics.  Result sufficient in knowledge variable with value, p value 0.005 < 0.05 which means there is a relationship between the knowledge of pregnant women with the behavior of pregnant women using a free whitening cosmetics in the market (non-Bpom) in Baturejo Village Pati district. While the motivation variable obtained the value of P value 0.005 < 0.05 that has a relationship between the motivation of pregnant women with the behavior of pregnant women using a free whitening cosmetics in the market (Non-Bpom) in the village Baturejo Pati District     Keywords: knowledge, motivation, behavior pregnant women who use whitening cosmetics