The watermelon is traditionally cultivated horizontally on the ground. The cultivars of small fruits (1 to 3 kg), which reach better market prices, are also being grown in a greenhouse, where the plants are trained upward on vertical supports, with branches pruning and fruits thinning. These practices make possible an increase of the plant density, fruit quality and yield compared to the traditional growth system. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the influence of three training heights (1.7, 2.2 and 2.7 m) and two planting densities (3.17 and 4.76 plants m -2 ) over the productive and qualitative characteristics of mini watermelon "Smile" cultivated in greenhouse. The pruning was done at 43, 55 and 66 days after transplanting (DAT), when the plant height reached 1.7, 2.2 and 2.7 m, respectively. The dry mass of branches, petioles, leaves and total were affected by the training height, where the highest values were obtained by the plants pruned at 2.2 and 2.7 m. Leaf area, specific leaf area and leaf area index were not affected by the height of the plants. The training height of 2.7 m raised the total yield, however, marketable yield, average fruit mass and all the quality characteristics did not differ significantly from those obtained by the training height of 2.2 m. Regarding to plant density, the best option was 4.76 plants m -2 , due to the increasing of marketable yield in 37.4% without reducing the average weight of fruits.
ResumoOs antioxidantes tem sido usados em produtos hortícolas vegetais como forma de reduzir a perda do valor nutricional e ampliar a vida útil. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes antioxidantes sobre a conservação das características qualitativas e microbiológicas de pimentões amarelos minimamente processados. Os pimentões foram submetidos a tratamentos com soluções de ácido ascórbico 1%; ácido cítrico 1%; ácido salicílico 0,5% e EDTA 2% e armazenados a 5ºC e 90% UR durante 14 dias. A aplicação do ácido ascórbico permitiu a reposição das perdas deste ácido no produto e a manutenção do mesmo ao longo do armazenamento, enquanto que para os demais tratamentos houve redução do teor. O teor de carotenoides foi reduzido em aproximadamente 30% após o processamento mínimo em todos os tratamentos. A elevação da taxa respiratória e de produção de etileno foi atenuada com a aplicação dos três ácidos, sem efeito do EDTA. Os tratamentos não afetaram a microbiologia do produto, sendo que não foi verificada presença de Salmonella. A contagem de coliformes totais e termotolerantes, e de bactérias psicrotróficas ficaram abaixo do limite máximo permitido pela legislação vigente. Palavras-chave: Capsicum annum, ácido ascórbico, ácido cítrico, ácido salicílico, EDTA AbstractAntioxidants have been used in vegetable in order to reduce the loss of nutritional value and extend the shelf life. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different antioxidant compounds on the preservation of quality, microbiological and nutritional characteristics of fresh-cut yellow bell peppers. The bell peppers were submitted to treatments with solutions of 1% ascorbic acid; 1% citric acid; 0.5% salicylic acid and 2% EDTA and stored at 5ºC and 90%RH for fourteen days. The ascorbic acid addition allowed the replacement of the ascorbic acid losses in the product and its maintenance during storage, whereas in the other treatments there was decrease in the content of this acid. The content of carotenoids was reduced by approximately 30% after processing in all treatments. The increase in
YIELD AND HOLLOW STEM DISORDER OF WINTER CAULIFLOWER INFLUENCED BY NITROGEN AND BORONThe hollow stem disorder is a common problem in cauliflower, resulting in similar symptom to B deficiency. Its occurrence is associated, specially to nitrogen and boron rates. There is few information about this subject in Brazil. The experiment was carried out from March to June/2006 in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. The objective was to evaluate rates of nitrogen (100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha -1 ) and B aplication (0 and 3 kg ha -1 ) on yield and hollow stem disorder of the cauliflower 'Júlia' cultivated in Kandiustalf at Tietê region, São Paulo State, Brazil. The curd diameter was not influenced by treatments and corresponding mean value was 17.74 cm. Nitrogen levels increased mean weight, yield and N content of curds. Fertilization increased boron contents in curds, commercial yield and reduced hollow stem disorder. There was a negative correlationship between B concentration at curds and hollow stem disorder incidence. Therefore, to reduce this physiological disorder the boron fertilization is required when cauliflower is grown even in soil with average B level.
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