The watermelon is traditionally cultivated horizontally on the ground. The cultivars of small fruits (1 to 3 kg), which reach better market prices, are also being grown in a greenhouse, where the plants are trained upward on vertical supports, with branches pruning and fruits thinning. These practices make possible an increase of the plant density, fruit quality and yield compared to the traditional growth system. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the influence of three training heights (1.7, 2.2 and 2.7 m) and two planting densities (3.17 and 4.76 plants m -2 ) over the productive and qualitative characteristics of mini watermelon "Smile" cultivated in greenhouse. The pruning was done at 43, 55 and 66 days after transplanting (DAT), when the plant height reached 1.7, 2.2 and 2.7 m, respectively. The dry mass of branches, petioles, leaves and total were affected by the training height, where the highest values were obtained by the plants pruned at 2.2 and 2.7 m. Leaf area, specific leaf area and leaf area index were not affected by the height of the plants. The training height of 2.7 m raised the total yield, however, marketable yield, average fruit mass and all the quality characteristics did not differ significantly from those obtained by the training height of 2.2 m. Regarding to plant density, the best option was 4.76 plants m -2 , due to the increasing of marketable yield in 37.4% without reducing the average weight of fruits.

A água é um bem cada vez mais escasso e que também exerce grande influência na produtividade e na qualidade do tomateiro, tornando seu manejo um fator preponderante para a obtenção de maiores rentabilidades aliada a sustentabilidade. Avaliou-se nesse trabalho os efeitos de lâminas de irrigação (60%, 80%, 100%, 120% e 140% da ETc) e da cobertura do solo com filme plástico de polietileno preto sobre a produtividade, qualidade dos frutos e eficiência do uso da água (EUA) na cultura do tomateiro em campo, durante o período chuvoso, na região de Piracicaba (SP). O delineamento experimental foi em parcelas subdivididas distribuídas aleatoriamente no esquema fatorial 2 x 5, com quatro repetições. As lâminas de irrigação não influenciaram a produtividade total, produtividade comercial, massa média dos frutos e número de frutos por planta. A cobertura do solo com plástico preto aumentou a produtividade total e comercial de frutos, mas reduziu o teor de sólidos solúveis. A eficiência do uso da água aumentou com a redução da lâmina de irrigação, sendo esse aumento mais pronunciado com o uso da cobertura de solo. Palavras-chave:Solanum lycopersicum, lâmina de água, déficit hídrico, podridão apical, mulching. CAMPAGNOL, R; ABRAHÃO, C; MELLO, S. C.; OVIEDO, V. R. S.; MINAMI, K. IMPACTS OF IRRIGATION LEVELS AND SOIL COVER ON TOMATO CROP 2 ABSTRACTWater is an asset increasingly scarce and it has also a great influence on yield and quality of tomato crop, making its management a major factor to achieve higher profitability coupled with sustainability. The study aimed at evaluating the effects of irrigation depths (60%, 80%, 100%, 120% and 140% of ETc) and black polyethylene plastic as soil covering on yield, fruit quality and water use efficiency (WUE) in field tomato crop during the rainy season in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. The experimental design was split plots randomly distributed into 2 x 5 factorial arrangement with four replications. No influence was observed of irrigation

Vertical conduction system and plant density of mini watermelon in greenhouseThe consumption of differentiated products increased during the last years. This niche of market is of great interest by growers to achieve higher returns compared to traditional products. One example is the mini watermelon, which is grown not only under field, but also under greenhouse conditions. Plants under greenhouse must be conducted vertically and pruned. This research aimed to investigate the influence of three conducing systems (S1= one stem and one fruit per plant attached to the main stem; S2= one stem and one fruit per plant attached to the secondary stem, and S3= two stems per plant and one fruit attached to the main stem) and two plant densities (2.4 and 4.8 plants/m 2 ) on the vegetative, productive and qualitative characteristics of mini watermelon grown in the vertical system. The plant conduction system with two stems and one fruit increased yield of fruit, without differing from S1. For this system, the increased density of 4.8 plants/m 2 increased yield by approximately twice the density of 2.4 plants/m 2 , but it caused 12.5% of reduction on average fruit weight. Regardless of plant density and conduction system, fruits presented adequate quality for marketing and yield corresponding to 2 to 4 times the national average for watermelon grown in the traditional system.

RESUMOA incidência de hastes ocas em brócolis (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck) depende de vários fatores que afetam a absorção e o transporte de B, elemento responsável pelo aparecimento dessa desordem fisiológica. O trabalho avaliou os efeitos de quatro níveis de nitrogênio e dois níveis de boro e da interação entre eles na incidência de hastes ocas e na produção de brócolis. As doses de N (100, 150, 200 e 250 kg ha -1 ) foram divididas em quatro aplicações iguais aos 15, 30, 45 e 60 dias após o transplante. O boro (0, 4 e 8 kg ha -1 ) foi aplicado metade no plantio e a outra metade em cobertura aos 45 dias após o transplante. A massa média das inflorescências e a produção total foram diminuídas com a aplicação de B em função do crescimento mais lento das plantas provocado pela toxicidade desse elemento. Contudo, nas áreas não adubadas com B, a porcentagem de plantas com hastes ocas foi, em média, de 44,14%, sendo que a incidência dessa anomalia sofreu drástica redução com a aplicação de B, onde a maior dose (8 kg ha -1 ) resultou em apenas 4,52% de inflorescências afetadas. Doses de N superiores a 215,4 kg ha -1 aumentaram o número de plantas com hastes ocas somente nas áreas que não receberam B.Termos para indexação: Brassica oleracea var. italica, adubação nitrogenada, boro. ABSTRACTThe incidence of hollow stem in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck) depends on several factors that affect the absorption and transport of boron, which is the element responsible for the appearance of this physiological disorder. This study evaluated the effects of four levels of nitrogen and two levels of boron and the interaction between them in the incidence of hollow stem and yield of broccoli. The levels of N (100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha -1 ) were divided into four applications equal to 15, 30, 45, and 60 days after transplant. Half of the boron (0, 4 and 8 kg ha -1 ) was applied at planting and half in coverage at 45 days after transplanting. Average mass and total yield were reduced with B application, as a result of the slower growth of plants, having been caused by the onset of symptoms of toxicity of this element. However, in areas not fertilized with B, the percentage of plants with hollow stems was on average 44.14%, while the incidence of this anomaly suffered drastic reduction in B application, where the highest level (8 kg ha -1 ) resulted in only 4.52% of affected inflorescences. Levels of more than 215.4 kg ha -1 of N have increased the number of plants with hollow stems only in areas that did not receive B. INTRODUÇÃOA deficiência de boro em brócolis (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck), também conhecida como podridão parda, caracteriza-se pelo aparecimento de cavidade nas partes internas do caule e de coloração escura na inflorescência (Filgueira, 2003). Entretanto, esses sintomas podem ser comuns mesmo quando o B está em nível elevado no solo, sugerindo que o aparecimento dessa anomalia é de natureza fisiológica e está relacionada à mobilidade do elemento na planta.O B é pratic...

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