The paper aims to emphasize on impacts of the supplier development on reducing the defects in supplier quality for a food distribution Small -Medium sized Enterprise (SME
VO x /SBA-15 catalysts with five different vanadium loadings were prepared by a modified wet impregnation method, characterized using N 2 adsorption, XRD, EDX, SEM, Raman and UV-vis spectroscopies and H 2 -TPR techniques, and tested in the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane in the temperature range 450-600 • C. For all the catalysts the propane conversion increases with both reaction temperature and vanadium loading, while the selectivity for propene decreases mainly to the benefit of carbon oxides. Several types of VO x species coexist on the catalyst surface, with monomeric and low-polymerized ones leading mainly to propene, while V 2 O 5 crystallites at high vanadium loadings producing more carbon oxides. Propene was determined to be the only primary product irrespective of the vanadium content.
A novel, facile and reliable two-step coating process has been developed to produce bimodal meso-mesoporous (BMM) tungsten oxide films (TOFs) by taking advantage of the thermal-dependence of tungstic acid/Brij56 derived sol-gel TOFs selectively sensitised by chemical modification to the inorganic tungsten oxide species. Importantly, such BMM structures are able to be delicately tailored by simple heat-treatment at different temperatures.
The value of case studies for teaching both subject specific and transferable skills within chemistry have long been recognised. Coupling this with problem based learning provides a powerful basis for teaching transferable skills within a chemistry context. This problem based learning case study does this via the fascinating story of the industrial challenge to develop CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) replacements on a very short time scale. It provides a vehicle for developing team working, communication, critical thinking, data interpretation and problem solving skills in a 'real life' context. It also introduces students to environmental issues and green chemistry plus the role of the chemical industry in developing solutions to these issues. The, often competing, interplay between chemistry, economics and social and political factors encourages (?) students to make links between different areas of the curriculum and to also appreciate that there are not always single 'correct' answers to scientific problems. Attention is focussed on the discovery and development of the CFC replacement HFA-134a. The paper concludes with a report on the trialling of, and student feedback for, the case study. [Chem.
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