Chemical and sol–gel processing of tellurite glasses for optoelectronics

Preparation of TeO2 based thin films by nonhydrolytic sol–gel process

“…Therefore, the formation of Te-O-Te bonds and C-O-C groups is relevant to the molecular structure change of Te(O 2 C 3 H 6 ) 2 . The molecule structure of Te(O 2 C 3 H 6 ) 2 is regard as being composed of rows of · · ·O-TeO 3 · · ·O-TeO 3 · · ·O-TeO 3 · · ·, and polymeric molecules form through these intermediate bonds [10,28]. When the precursor was heat-treated at 130 • C, the nonhydrolytic condensation reaction may take place within the precursor complex.…”

“…In particular, it allows producing metal oxide thin films in a wide range of compositions on a variety of substrates, and the process is relatively simple. However, the processing of TeO 2 based glass thin films via hydrolytic sol-gel (HSG) method entails some difficulties, mainly due to the high chemical reactivity of tellurium alkoxides toward hydrolysis [10]. In recent years, Hodgson et al and Coste et al have developed some valuable approaches to prepare TeO 2 based materials by hydrolytic sol-gel process from these tellurium alkoxides, including the use of glycols or citric acid as hydrolytic reaction modifiers, the use of Te(VI) alkoxides as precursors, and chemical liberation of water from esterification reaction [11][12][13].…”

“…The decomposition process and structure evolution of the nonhydrolytic dried gels are investigated. Besides that, the other drawback with sol-gel method is the inherent thermal instability of TeO 2 gel, which leads to both the liberation of free tellurium and devitrification of amorphous TeO 2 on heat-treatment [10]. In order to overcome the problem and prepare TeO 2 based glass thin films, the preheat-treatment process and additions of Na 2 O, BaO, TiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 as network modifiers are also introduced, together with an investigation into the thermal stability and morphological properties of the resultant films.…”

Enhancement of the emission from TeO2 nanorods by encapsulation with ZnO

“…The unique physical and chemical properties of Tellurium dioxide (TeO 2 ) make it suitable for a wide range of applications including deflectors [1], modulators [2], dosimeters [3,4], optical storage material [5], laser devices [6], and gas sensors [7,8]. TeO 2 nanorods have been synthesized by a range of techniques such as thermal evaporation of Te powders [11], laser ablation of Te [7], and thermal oxidation of Te in a flow of O 2 with no use of catalyst [12].…”

Fabrication of α-TeO2 smooth and beaded microwires by thermal evaporation method

“…Several kinds of 1D zigzag nanostructures including InP [5], AlN [6], SiC [7], GaN [8], SnO 2 [9], and so forth have been reported in the literature. a-TeO 2 is a versatile wide band gap semiconductor material with physical and chemical properties that make it suitable for various technological applications such as deflectors [10], modulators [11], dosimeters [12], optical storage material [13], laser devices [14] and gas sensors [15]. The conventional processing of TeO 2 material has just been used for preparing bulk materials and thin films.…”