“…In addition to the loss of active materials due to the shuttle effect, we also investigated the negative effects of volume variation that ZnTe electrodes suffer during the discharge/charge process. According to the densities of ZnTe (6.34 g cm −3 ), [
40 ] Te (6.24 g cm −3 ), [
41 ] and TeO 2 (5.67 g cm −3 ), [
42 ] the molar volumes of ZnTe, Te and TeO 2 are calculated to be 30.44, 20.45 and 28.14 cm 3 mol −1 , respectively. Therefore, the volume expansion rate (%∆V) of Te to ZnTe and Te to TeO 2 should be 49% and 38%, respectively, according to the following equation: [
43 ]
where V f and V i are the molar volume of the material before and after conversion, respectively.…”