Introduction: Diaper dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin under the diapers of children, and is relatively common. The disease is seen in children and adolescents with a degree of urinary incontinence. The aim of this study is to replace uncomplicated herbal medicines in the treatment of this disease instead of chemical drugs.
The prevalence of renal stones has been increasing due to changes in lifestyle and behavioural habits, causing major economic and health burdens worldwide. This study aimed to determine the relationship between urolithiasis and behavioural habits and underlying diseases. This case-control study was performed on 161 patients with urinary stone disease and 254 healthy controls who were age-and sex-matched with the case group. All participants were interviewed by the researcher using a questionnaire. Among different behavioural habits, consuming alcoholic drinks and smoking were reported more frequently in the renal stone formers compared to the controls (p = 0.007 and p = 0.004, respectively). However, the amount of water intake and level of physical activity were lower among the stone formers (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.009, respectively).Investigation of the two groups' past medical history revealed that the positive history of diseases such as diabetes mellitus (p < 0.0001), hypertension (p = 0.004), hyperlipidemia (p = 0.004) and urinary tract infections (p < 0.0001) was more common in the patients with urinary stones compared to the control group. In terms of medications, the use of antihypertensive drugs (p = 0.045), antidiabetic drugs (p = 0.12), analgesics (p = 0.04) and anti-inflammatory drugs (p = 0.047) was significantly higher in the case group than in the control group. The study findings showed that some behavioural habits and specific underlying diseases were associated with urinary stones. In this regard, by careful assessment of personal health history and medical history, it is possible to identify at-risk individuals and take measures to reduce their risk of developing the disease.
Background: Diaper dermatitis (DD) is a prevalent skin disease in children, which causes child discomfort and parental concern. This study aimed to compare the effects of aloe vera ointment with routine treatment on the severity of DD in hospitalized children. Materials and Methods: This double-blinded randomized clinical trial was carried out on 60 children aged less than two years admitted to Tabriz pediatric hospital in Iran from February to June 2017. Using convenience sampling method, the patients were assigned into two equal groups (n=30 in each) of intervention and control. The intervention group received routine combination treatment, whereas the control group received aloe vera ointment. The patients were examined on the first, third, and sixth days of the study. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 22) and descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: The severity of DD in both groups improved on the sixth day compared to the first day. In comparison, no significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding the severity of dermatitis (P>0.05). Conclusion: Herbal products cause fewer side effects than chemical products and seem to have significant pharmacological effects on the skin. Thus, aloe vera ointment appears to help treat DD and, with further studies, may emerge as a possible therapeutic option.
Background & Aims: Personal protective equipment is used as an equipment to protect against various occupational injuries and prevent the transmission of infection to others. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of multimedia education on the use of personal protective equipment among nurses in the pediatric intensive care units.
Materials & Methods:This quasi-experimental study was performed in the pediatric wards of Motahhari Hospital affiliated to Urmia University of Medical Sciences by stratified random sampling in 2019. The use of personal protective equipment by nurses before and after training was assessed by the researcher (invisibly) using a self-made checklist (with approved validity and reliability) by attending various shifts. Intervention through a CD containing multimedia on the use of personal protective equipment during various procedures consisted of two instructional videos. The data were then analyzed by SPSS software version 16 with one-way ANOVA and t-test.
Results:The overall performance of nurses in the use of personal protective equipment after multimedia training increased significantly (p = 0.012), and the highest rate was related to mask use (0.001 > p), glasses (p = 0.012) and, gowns (p = 0.019), except for gloves (p = 0.162). Also, the highest and lowest rates of observance in different clinical procedures were related to bone marrow puncture (100%) and blood transfusion (50%) procedures, respectively.
Conclusion:The multimedia training program, due to its merits in meeting the educational needs of nurses, increased the use of personal protective equipments in a variety of procedures.
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