A new epithelial cell line, TSU-Pr1, from a human prostatic adenocarcinoma metastatic to lymph node has been established in long term tissue culture. The cultured cells show loss of contact inhibition, rapid growth in vitro and growth in athymic nude mice. Karyotypic analysis demonstrated an aneuploid karyotype with a modal chromosome number of 80 including a Y-chromosome and at least 10 marker chromosomes. The cells produced only a small amount of prostatic acid phosphatase, and heterotransplanted tumors did not have nuclear androgen receptors.
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is an uncommon disease that is usually seen in middle-aged women and is much rarer in children. We report a case of diffuse xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a 3-year-old boy who had a nonfunctioning hydronephrotic right kidney on an excretory urogram. A review of the English and Japanese literature on xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in childhood revealed 2 remarkable differences regarding the incidence of sex and radiological findings. The majority of patients were girls in the English literature, whereas the opposite sex was seen in the majority of cases in Japan. The involved kidney was functioning on an excretory urogram in the majority of cases reported in the English literature, however, in all cases from Japan the involved kidney was non functioning. These findings further support the newer concept that xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in childhood exists in focal as well as diffuse forms.
A model system of human prostate carcinoma in nude mice for searching out a method to protect the bone from cancer cells is described, in which the transplanted human prostate cancer cells were inoculated subcutaneously over the calvaria in nude mice after the periosteum wa disrupted. The tumor induced osteolysis associated with osteoclast proliferation accompanied with reactive new bone formation. This osteolysis was evaluated by measuring the increased area of bone resorption by its reduced opacity to X-ray, and histology. Etidronate disodium, a diphosphonate derivative, at a dose of three mg./kg. and 10 mg./kg. s.c. protected the bone by decreasing the extent of osteolysis as judged by the above criteria. This inhibition was obtained with no apparent effect on the growth of the tumor. These results are discussed in light of recent clinical work, showing that this animal model is a useful tool to test the effect of new drugs against osteolysis of cancer as well as to study the biology of local interaction between bone and cancer cell.
Tumor-bone interactions were experimentally studied using four transplantable human urogenital tumors in nude mice. The method consisted of subcutaneously (SC) inoculating tumor cells over the calvaria in nude mice after the periosteum has been disrupted. This resulted in a local tumor causing fragmentation of the bone. The degree of tumor-bone interaction also varied with the type of implanted tumors as shown in radiographic and histologic examinations. All tumors were associated with histologic patterns of classical bone remodeling, including bone destruction with osteoclast proliferation and reactive new bone formation. The evidence presented here suggests that the majority of tumor-bone interaction showed a combination of both features, bone destruction and new bone formation, and the mechanisms whereby tumors interact with bone may vary with the biological properties of the tumor. Our new system would be suitable for studying the biology of local interaction between bone and tumor cells and searching out a method to protect the bone from cancer cells.
Sera from 23 patients with renal cell carcinoma were tested for circulating immune complexes by Clq binding assay and immunosuppressive acidic protein by single radial immunodiffusion. The mean values of circulating immune complexes and immunosuppressive acidic protein in the patients were significantly higher than those of normal controls, and over-all positive rates were 52 and 35 per cent, respectively. There was a significant correlation between immunosuppressive acidic protein levels and the extent of tumor invasion. Immunosuppressive acidic protein may be a more useful marker than circulating immune complexes. However, presently synthetic evaluations of patients with various nonspecific markers, including these 2 factors, will be necessary.
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