A new epithelial cell line, TSU-Pr1, from a human prostatic adenocarcinoma metastatic to lymph node has been established in long term tissue culture. The cultured cells show loss of contact inhibition, rapid growth in vitro and growth in athymic nude mice. Karyotypic analysis demonstrated an aneuploid karyotype with a modal chromosome number of 80 including a Y-chromosome and at least 10 marker chromosomes. The cells produced only a small amount of prostatic acid phosphatase, and heterotransplanted tumors did not have nuclear androgen receptors.
Hyperthermia induced by heat stress (HS) inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells and induces their apoptosis. However, the mechanism underlying HS-induced apoptosis remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated a novel evidence that checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) plays crucial roles in the apoptosis and regulation of cell cycle progression in cells under HS. In human leukemia Jurkat cells, interestingly, the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad-3 related (ATR)-Chk1 pathway was preferentially activated rather than the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)-checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2) pathway under HS. The selective inhibitors of ATR or Chk1 abrogated HS-induced apoptosis in human leukemia Jurkat cells whereas the inhibition of ATM or Chk2 caused only marginal effects. Inhibition of ATR and Chk1 also abrogated G2/M checkpoint activation by HS in Jurkat cells. The effects of small interfering RNA targeting Chk1 were similar to those of the selective inhibitor of Chk1. In addition, the efficiencies of Chk1 inhibition on G2/M checkpoint abrogation and apoptosis induction were confirmed in the adherent cancer cell lines HeLa, HSC3, and PC3, suggesting that the targeting of Chk1 can be effective in solid tumors cells. In conclusion, these findings indicate a novel molecular basis of G2/M checkpoint activation and apoptosis in cells exposed to HS.
A guideline for evaluating LER and total procedure to estimate effects of measured LER on device performance were proposed. Spatial-frequency distributions of LER in various resist materials were investigated and general characteristics of spatial-frequency distribution of LER were obtained. Measurement parameters for accurate LER measurement can be calculated according to the guideline. Measured line-width distribution was used to predicting degradation and variation in MOS transistor performance using the two-dimensional device simulation. Effect of long-period component of LER was clarified as well as short-period component.
A 70-year-old Japanese man was referred because of a right renal mass of 2 years in duration. Imaging studies, including magnetic resonance imaging, revealed an ovoid mass, with relatively abundant vascularity, in the right renal pelvis. Right radical nephrectomy was done and a tumor measuring 6.0 ¥ 4.5 ¥ 4.0 cm was found in the renal pelvis. Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) was highly suspected by histology. Immunohistochemical study using a monoclonal antibody directed against the human hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen (CD34) stain confirmed SFT. This is the first case of SFT of the renal pelvis. Although SFT is extremely rare in urogenital organs, this tumor must be included in the differential diagnosis when we encounter urogenital tumors consisting of mesenchymal elements.
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