Background: Pregnancy is an important time in a woman's life with many complex physiological changes that may occur. These changes may negatively affect their oral health. The study aimed to assess oral health knowledge, attitude and reported practices among pregnant women in Assiut Governorate.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. A structured interview questionnaire was used; included two tools: Tool (I); part (1) personal data, part (2): assessment of knowledge about oral health, part (3): reported practices of oral health and tool (II): included pregnant women attitude toward oral health.Results: the study revealed that: 79.7% of the interviewed women were aged ≤30 years, 82.5% of them were from rural area. Illiterate women represented 33.2% of the studied group. 85.5% of the pregnant women were housewives. Positive attitude toward oral hygiene was significantly higher among urban, educated, working and primigravidae (p=0.007, 0.03, <0.0001 and 0.04 respectively). Practices of daily cleaning of the teeth was higher among urban than rural residents (79.7% versus 46.8% respectively), university educated (89.3%) than other groups, and working women than housewives (84.9% versus 47.1%)with statistical significant difference while neither age nor number of pregnancies affected daily teeth cleaning.Conclusions: Being highly educated, working and of urban residence positively affected both the oral hygiene attitude and practices among interviewed pregnant women.

Background: Preconception health includes health of woman and man before pregnancy to reduce risks that woman may face during pregnancy and enhance fetal and maternal outcomes. This study aimed to: identify and increase knowledge of the undergraduate nursing students concerning preconception health and pregnancy. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design implemented on 320 nursing students at Faculty of Nursing, Assiut University, tool divided into three parts; part one included students' personal data, part two included eight ended questions directed to students to identify their knowledge regarding preconception health issues and part three designed to evaluate issues related to pregnancy and contained ten ended questions. Results: 38.4% and 31.6% of nursing students had good score of knowledge regarding preconception health and pregnancy respectively, there were statistical significant differences between preconception health and students' gender, age, university grade and previous perceived obstetric course (P-values=0.013, 0.00, 0.00 and 0.00 respectively). Also, there was a relationship between score of students' knowledge regarding pregnancy and their age, university grade and previous perceived obstetric course (P-values=0.00, 0.00 and 0.00 respectively). Conclusion: There were relationship between total score of students' knowledge regarding preconception health and pregnancy with student's age, university grade and previous perceived obstetric course. Recommendation: Further research should include all university students in practical versus theoretical faculties to identify how the knowledge and information gaps.

Introduction: Pregnancy is a physiological process, woman's normal nutritional requirement increase during pregnancy to meet the needs of the growing fetus and the maternal tissues. Aim: To assess the effect of nutrition on pregnant women's weight. Subjects and Method: Descriptive research design used in four health units which selected by random sample; (450) pregnant woman included in the study. Study Tool: consisted of three parts; part (1): Socioeconomic scale. Part (2): Anthropometric measurements (weight and height). Part (3): Knowledge about nutrition of pregnant women. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between nutritional elements and maternal weight in all visits (four) and 73.3% had poor knowledge. Conclusion: There was poor knowledge among pregnant women regarding nutrition during pregnancy. Also there was a relationship between nutrition and maternal weight gain during visits of follow up. Recommendation: Health education program is needed to increase awareness of pregnant woman about effect of nutrition on maternal weight gain during pregnancy.

Breast Self-Examination (BSE) has a greatest role in the early discovery of breast cancer and it is still an important screening tool for early detection of Breast Cancer (BC) in developing countries. The study aimed to: Assess the impact of training program on improving knowledge and practices of rural community health workers regarding BC and BSE. Subjects and Methods: Design: Quasi-experimental research design. Sample: A total of 74 rural community health workers recruited in this study. Tools of the study: Two tools used; Tool (I): Self-administrated questionnaire; which divided into two parts, Part (1): Included participants' personal data, Part (2): Included questions to assess knowledge about BC and BSE. Tool (II): BSE performance checklist. Results: The participants were aged less than 20 years with university education (54.1% and 51.4% respectively); 73% of them were from rural area and 13.5% had family history of BC. There were highly statistical significant differences between total score of knowledge and practice during the three phases of the study pre, post and follow-up test p-values 0.000. Conclusion: A remarkable improvement was noticed in the participants' level of knowledge and practices during the posttest and after three months of follow-up. Recommendation: Establishment of ongoing training intervention to increase rural community health workers' confidence and skills for teaching preventive health behaviors including BSE to larger society.

Background Poor appetite is a common problem among older people; it is known to contribute to weight loss, nutritional deficiencies, and increased mortality, which can affect their community participation and psychological status. In this study, we aimed to identify the relationship between community participation, nutritional appetite, and psychological distress among comorbid older people. This cross-sectional study included 300 elderly people, of whom 100 participated in geriatric clubs and 200 did not. Older people assessment sheet, the Australian Community Participation Questionnaire, the Council on Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire, and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale were used. Results Majority of geriatric club members had high community participation, while half of the older people who were not members of the club had moderate community participation levels. Approximately 41.0% of the participants at geriatric clubs had no risk at this time for a nutritional decline, while less than three-quarters of those who are not geriatric club members need frequent appetite reassessment. A correlation was observed between community participation with appetite and psychological distress in those who attended geriatric clubs. Those who are not geriatric club members had correlation between appetite with community participation and psychological distress (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusions Good appetite and psychological status are positively impacted by engaging in social activities among older people. Findings suggest that community programs, such as Meal on Wheels programs, and shared group activities can improve appetite and social interaction among older people.

Background: Pregnant women's fear and anxiety about COVID-19 are increasing which reducing the social performance and quality of life. Aim: explore the relation between psychological problems, fear and anxiety, with COVID-19 pandemic and the quality of life among pregnant women. Design: Descriptive research design. Setting: The study carried out in the antenatal out-patients clinic at Women' Health Hospital, Assiut University. Sample: Included 350 pregnant women. Tools: Four tools were used; Tool (1): Structured interviewing questionnaire, Tool (2): Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S). Tool (3): COVID-19 Anxiety Scale (CAS) and Tool (4): Pregnant women's quality of life questionnaire. Results: 55.4% and 45.7% of mothers aged 25-30years and had secondary education respectively. 45.4% of them had low fear level of COVID 19. While, 26.9% of the pregnant women; were had high anxiety level. Conclusion: There were positive correlation between fear and anxiety about COVID 19 and pregnant women quality of life. There were statistical significance differences between pregnant women educational level, occupation, residence and gestational age with their quality of life. Recommendations: Further researches should be conducted to implement intervention program to alleviate the level of fear and anxiety about COVID-19 to improve pregnant women quality of life.

Background and objective: A febrile (fever) convulsion is a fit or seizure that occurs in children with fever. The key responsibilities of the nurse are to protect the child from injury during seizure and assist in the treatment of the underlying cause. The objective of this study is to determine the impact of educational program on nurses' knowledge and performance. Methods: Design: Quasi-experimental research design. Subjects and methods: 44 nurses who working at Assiut Children Hospital. Tools: A structured interview sheet and observational check list. Results: Statistically significant difference between nurses' knowledge and practices after post-test and follow-up. Conclusions: The nurses' knowledge regarding care of child with febrile seizure were not enough with some unsafe practices. The study recommended On Job Training (OJT) programs are suggested in order to refresh and update nurses' knowledge.

Background: Infantile colic is period of devastated and inexplicable crying in an apparently healthy infant, leads to drained, bothered and worried parents. It affects 30% of infants worldwide with equivalent frequency in male and female. Aim: To evaluate the impact of an educational program on mothers' knowledge regarding infantile colic syndrome. Methods: Quasi-experimental (pre/posttest) research design used in all of the five maternal and child health care centers. Sample: Included 402 mothers. Two tools; Tool (1): A structure interview questionnaire sheet composed of three parts; part (I): Mothers' personal data; part (II): Infants' data and part (III): Mothers' knowledge about infantile colic syndrome. Tool (II):Infant colic scale, which included total of 22 items in five subscales. Results: It was found that 29.9% and 68.9 of mothers had university education and from rural area. There was improvement of mothers' knowledge in posttest mean score of knowledge =19.46 while it was 8.46 in pretest. There was statistical significance relation between mothers' total mean score of knowledge and education, occupation and residence in pretest. Conclusion and recommendations: There was improvement in mothers' knowledge after implementation of the educational program. The study recommended availability of educational material in five maternal and child health care centers to increase awareness regarding infantile colic.