Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted considerable attention in the catalysis community. However, fabricating intrinsically stable SACs on traditional supports (N-doped carbon, metal oxides, etc.) remains a formidable challenge, especially under hightemperature conditions. Here, we report a novel entropy-driven strategy to stabilize Pd single-atom on the high-entropy fluorite oxides (CeZrHfTiLa)O x (HEFO) as the support by a combination of mechanical milling with calcination at 900°C. Characterization results reveal that single Pd atoms are incorporated into HEFO (Pd 1 @HEFO) sublattice by forming stable Pd-O-M bonds (M = Ce/Zr/La). Compared to the traditional support stabilized catalysts such as Pd@CeO 2 , Pd 1 @HEFO affords the improved reducibility of lattice oxygen and the existence of stable Pd-O-M species, thus exhibiting not only higher low-temperature CO oxidation activity but also outstanding resistance to thermal and hydrothermal degradation. This work therefore exemplifies the superiority of high-entropy materials for the preparation of SACs.

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Photocatalytic CO2 reduction to solar fuel is a promising route to alleviate the ever-growing energy crisis and global warming. Herein, to enhance photoconversion efficiency of CO2 reduction, a series of direct Z-scheme composites consisting of β-AgVO3 nanoribbons and InVO4 nanoparticles (InVO4/β-AgVO3) are prepared via a facile hydrothermal method and subsequent in situ growth process. The prepared InVO4/β-AgVO3 composites exhibit enhanced photocatalytic activity for reduction of CO2 to CO under visible-light illumination. A CO evolution rate of 12.61 μmol·g–1·h–1 is achieved over the optimized 20% In–Ag without any cocatalyst or sacrificial agent, which is 11 times larger than that yielded by pure InVO4 (1.12 μmol·g–1·h–1). Moreover, the CO selectivity is more than 93% over H2 production from the side reaction of H2O reduction. Significantly, based on the results of electron spin resonance (ESR) and in situ irradiated XPS tests, it is proposed that the synthesized InVO4/β-AgVO3 catalysts comply with the direct Z-scheme transfer mechanism. Significantly improved photocatalytic activities for selective CO2 reduction could be primarily ascribed to effective separation of photoinduced electron–hole pairs and enhanced reducibility of photoelectrons at the conduction band of InVO4. This work provides a new insight for constructing highly efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction systems toward solar fuel generation.