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Smart classroom is a technology-based learning that is proposed as a solution to increase the capabilities of students. This mode of teaching and learning make the education system more attractive and interactive, in addition to help educators to develop an engaging session. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of smart classrooms among Mathematics undergraduates. The study involved 72 students, and the data were analyzed using t test. The results show a significant difference among the students’ academic performance in the conventional and smart classroom. In addition, the use of smart classroom has greatly improved students’ performance.

The price movements of commodities are determined by changes in the expectations about future economic variables. Crude oil price is non-stationary, highly volatile, and unstructured in nature, which makes it very difficult to predict over short-to-medium time horizons. Some analysts have indicated that the difficulty in forecasting the crude oil price is due to the fact that economic models cannot consistently show evidence of a strong connection between commodities and economic fundamentals, and, as a result, regarded the idea that economic fundamentals help predict price values as random luck. This study aimed to overcome the limitations of the economic models through the detection of structural changes as well as breaks in the data, using a breakpoint test. The Markov switching model is used to address the price patterns that led to a different market state. The results show that there are several changes as well as breaks in the estimated model. Moreover, there is an asymmetric correlation between the crude oil price and the GDP.

A finite mixture model is well-known in statistics due to its versatility and is being actively researched. This paper reviews finite mixture model literature via bibliometric analysis, focusing on the trend and link between finite mixture model studies. The bibliometric analysis consists of four main phases; formulating research questions, locating research, research selection, evaluation, and analyzing and synthesizing selected papers. There are 667 journal articles extracted from the Web of Science (WoS) database from publications within 1988 to 2020. The Biblioshiny with R packages and VOSViewer were used as analytical tools. The findings show that there is an increasing trend of annual publication on the finite mixture model study. The results also outline key journals and the highest cited articles. Network analysis was also conducted and explored in scientific cooperation in the finite mixture model study. This study proposed a research agenda in the finite mixture model by identifying its current state and population trends.

The impact of structural changes as well as breaks on oil price fluctuations is studied in this article. There are a few channels, such as domestic prices and inflation, that cause the effect of oil price to pass through the economy. The higher crude oil price is immediately followed by the increase in oil products such as gasoline and heating oil. The direct effects continue as people choose alternative energy sources, leading to the increase in price. Besides, the indirect effect on inflation as a result of the behavioral responses of the firms and workers which is known as the “second round” effects in which higher wages is being demanded. This article uses exploratory data analysis to discover the patterns of the variables’ series and then examines the relationship between oil price and consumer price index. Multiple breakpoint test is thereafter used to identify the structural changes in time-varying variables.

The Frog Virtual Learning Environment (Frog VLE) is a virtual learning medium that is one of the main agendas in today's educational landscape especially in Malaysia. The main objective of using Frog VLE is to simplify and enhance teaching and learning process. This study evaluated the effectiveness of Frog VLE in primary school using the Technology Acceptance Model. The study was carried out using a quasi-experimental design involving two groups; one control group and a treatment group. The former used the chalk-and-talk approach, while the latter used the Frog VLE approach. We administered a structured questionnaire to a primary school in Malaysia to elucidate the students' perspective on the usage of Frog VLE in teaching and learning process. The mean score analysis and paired-t test were applied to the analysis, and the results showed that the majority of the students found that the Frog VLE tool is useful and effective for learning.

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This study involved a systematic literature review using bibliometric analysis to examine the evolution and current trends of Markov switching studies. The bibliometric analysis was used for the descriptive, intellectual, social, and conceptual network analyses, while systematic reviews were used to identify the application of the Markov switching model. A total of 449 articles were selected and extracted from the Web of Science (WoS) between 1992 and 2021. The publication trends, most influential countries and articles, leading journals, collaboration networks, research hotspots, research fronts, coupling networks, and application of the model in various disciplines were described. This study summarized the research agenda of the Markov switching field, which would be helpful for researchers and funding agencies.